Table 1.
Summary of chemical and environmental characteristics of the six study streams located in the Bankhead National Forest, ALa
| Parameter | Value for bedrock type and specific stream |
P valueb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limestone |
Sandstone |
||||||
| Borden | Flannagin | Thompson | Beech | Brushy | Hubbard | ||
| Al3+ (mg/liter) | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | NS |
| ANC (meq/liter) | 2.17 ± 0.49 | 2.31 ± 0.39 | 0.90 ± 0.34 | 0.25 ± 0.12 | 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.12 ± 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Ba2+ (mg/liter) | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | NS |
| Ca2+ (mg/liter) | 41.24 ± 8.16 | 42.27 ± 8.76 | 14.05 ± 5.32 | 2.60 ± 0.79 | 1.50 ± 0.48 | 1.35 ± 0.11 | 0.01 |
| Canopy (%) | 61.83 ± 33.40 | 44.38 ± 41.68 | 40.27 ± 34.85 | 66.99 ± 31.25 | 96.53 ± 3.69 | 69.11 ± 26.66 | NS |
| Cl− (mg/liter) | 1.42 ± 0.28 | 1.28 ± 0.28 | 1.11 ± 0.13 | 1.33 ± 0.23 | 1.09 ± 0.15 | 1.34 ± 0.28 | NS |
| Conductance (μΩ) | 207.09 ± 46.55 | 223.39 ± 46.35 | 77.80 ± 29.77 | 31.72 ± 5.83 | 23.47 ± 5.07 | 20.75 ± 1.56 | 0.01 |
| DIC (mg/liter) | 0.53 ± 0.12 | 0.56 ± 0.09 | 0.37 ± 0.31 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Discharge (m3/s) | 0.25 ± 0.26 | 0.14 ± 0.13 | 0.22 ± 0.20 | 0.17 ± 0.13 | 0.14 ± 0.14 | 0.23 ± 0.13 | NS |
| DO (mg/liter) | 10.88 ± 3.99 | 11.65 ± 4.34 | 9.94 ± 3.62 | 10.52 ± 3.90 | 10.54 ± 4.42 | 10.40 ± 3.36 | NS |
| DOC (mg/liter) | 1.29 ± 0.56 | 1.17 ± 0.37 | 1.64 ± 1.02 | 1.33 ± 0.14 | 1.39 ± 0.50 | 1.08 ± 0.18 | NS |
| Fe (mg/liter) | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.50 ± 0.36 | 0.38 ± 0.31 | 0.18 ± 0.09 | 0.05 |
| K+ (mg/liter) | 0.86 ± 0.25 | 0.71 ± 0.25 | 0.85 ± 0.16 | 0.80 ± 0.21 | 0.71 ± 0.19 | 0.83 ± 0.20 | NS |
| Mg2+ (mg/liter) | 14.50 | 13.50 | 6.00 | 20.00 | 23.00 | 2.50 | NA |
| Mn (mg/liter) | 2.16 ± 0.42 | 2.45 ± 0.56 | 1.44 ± 0.31 | 1.26 ± 0.20 | 1.07 ± 0.26 | 0.80 ± 0.07 | 0.01 |
| Na+ (mg/liter) | 0.23 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | NS |
| NH4-N (μg/liter) | 1.36 ± 0.14 | 1.20 ± 0.10 | 1.20 ± 0.16 | 1.16 ± 0.15 | 1.03 ± 0.15 | 0.89 ± 0.12 | 0.01 |
| NO3-N (μg/liter) | 2.95 ± 2.45 | 5.80 ± 6.15 | 2.52 ± 2.20 | 13.97 ± 19.41 | 3.39 ± 2.11 | 3.03 ± 2.75 | NS |
| NO2-N (μg/liter) | 17.07 ± 16.53 | 20.22 ± 17.27 | 42.94 ± 21.62 | 99.27 ± 41.86 | 33.33 ± 41.33 | 190.62 ± 71.51 | 0.05 |
| pH | 0.11 ± 0.13 | 0.19 ± 0.29 | 0.16 ± 0.27 | 0.54 ± 0.78 | 0.36 ± 0.60 | 0.31 ± 0.32 | NS |
| PO4-P (μg/liter) | 8.09 ± 0.16 | 8.17 ± 0.66 | 7.73 ± 0.13 | 7.20 ± 0.19 | 7.17 ± 0.13 | 7.24 ± 0.24 | 0.01 |
| Positionc (km) | 0.42 ± 0.65 | 0.36 ± 0.56 | 0.92 ± 1.04 | 0.45 ± 0.49 | 0.26 ± 0.36 | 0.43 ± 0.42 | NS |
| Si (mg/liter) | 2.66 ± 0.27 | 2.62 ± 0.24 | 2.87 ± 0.25 | 3.00 ± 0.42 | 3.09 ± 0.46 | 2.65 ± 0.34 | NS |
| SO42− (mg/liter) | 3.94 ± 0.81 | 5.50 ± 1.44 | 4.30 ± 0.14 | 2.96 ± 0.45 | 3.44 ± 0.31 | 2.52 ± 0.71 | 0.01 |
| Surface area (m3 g of sediment−1) | 1.79 ± 3.28 | 1.86 ± 0.81 | 2.88 ± 0.61 | 1.07 ± 0.77 | 0.31 ± 0.35 | 1.64 ± 2.21 | NS |
| Temp (°C) | 15.05 ± 6.27 | 14.54 ± 6.48 | 16.73 ± 5.79 | 15.59 ± 6.72 | 15.08 ± 7.16 | 14.79 ± 6.09 | NS |
| TSS (mg/liter) | 1.59 ± 1.10 | 3.62 ± 3.07 | 1.37 ± 0.82 | 10.80 ± 9.97 | 3.23 ± 3.14 | 1.58 ± 0.42 | NS |
a
Adapted from reference 49.
b
Significance of differences between substrate type (limestone versus sandstone) as determined by fully nested ANOVA. Abbreviations: NA, statistics not applied; NS, no significant difference.
c
Distance from western park boundary.