H5N1-SeroDetect ELISA reacts with H5N1 serum panels at early time points postinfection from nonsurvivors. Reactivity in the H5N1-SeroDetect ELISA of sequential plasma samples obtained soon after acute infection from individuals who succumbed to H5N1 (clade 2.3.4) infection in Vietnam. Reactivities of two representative sequential samples, one female (aged 20 years) and one male (aged 30 years), with HA2 (488–516) (A), PB1-F2 (2–75) (B), and M2e (2–24) (C) peptides are shown. In these panels, all plasma samples were tested at a 1:100 dilution. All data are represented as test specimen ODs on the y axis. Day 0 represents the date of onset of symptoms. The upper and lower limits for the average cutoff values + 5 standard deviations of the plasma sample upon repeated testing, representing the 95% confidence intervals for the given sample, ranged from 0.09 to 0.11 for each of the three peptides. The cutoff value for each peptide is shown as a dashed line in each graph.