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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 20.
Published in final edited form as: Nutr Cancer. 2011 Jul 20;63(6):860–872. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2011.582224

Table 3.

Odds Ratios for Aggressive Prostate Cancer by Quartiles of Intake of Food Groups

Exposure Quartiles
 P-
Trend
1 2 3 4
All Vegetables
 Median1 7.0 13.5 20.2 32.0
 Cases (N) 121 124 112 113
 Controls (N) 124 122 133 133
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.02 0.71, 1.46 0.85 0.59, 1.22 0.85 0.59, 1.22 0.25
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.91 0.63, 1.32 0.69 0.48, 1.01 0.71 0.48, 1.05 0.04
Cruciferous Vegetables
 Median1 0.6 1.4 2.5 5.2
 Cases (N) 103 145 110 112
 Controls (N) 128 119 129 136
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.52 1.07, 2.17 1.06 0.73, 1.52 1.03 0.72, 1.48 0.57
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.50 1.04, 2.16 0.96 0.66, 1.41 0.91 0.62, 1.33 0.20
Leafy Vegetables
 Median1 0.8 2.0 3.7 6.1
 Cases (N) 123 94 119 134
 Controls (N) 120 98 137 157
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 0.92 0.63, 1.35 0.83 0.58, 1.18 0.81 0.57, 1.15 0.20
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.83 0.56, 1.23 0.72 0.50, 1.05 0.66 0.46, 0.96 0.02
High Carotenoid Vegetables
 Median1 4.7 9.3 13.9 22.6
 Cases (N) 119 126 115 110
 Controls (N) 127 119 130 136
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.11 0.77, 1.59 0.93 0.64, 1.33 0.84 0.59, 1.22 0.24
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.99 0.69, 1.43 0.79 0.54, 1.16 0.71 0.48, 1.04 0.04
Tomato
 Median1 1.8 4.2 6.1 9.8
 Cases (N) 103 125 120 122
 Controls (N) 136 125 127 124
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.32 0.92, 1.89 1.25 0.86, 1.80 1.30 0.90, 1.88 0.24
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.28 0.88, 1.86 1.15 0.79, 1.68 1.12 0.76, 1.67 0.74
Legumes
 Median1 1.3 2.7 4.8 8.0
 Cases (N) 123 108 124 115
 Controls (N) 129 126 125 132
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 0.90 0.63, 1.28 1.04 0.73, 1.48 0.91 0.64, 1.29 0.80
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.81 0.56, 1.17 0.84 0.58, 1.21 0.70 0.48, 1.03 0.10
All Fruits, no juices
 Median1 2.1 6.4 11.3 19.9
 Cases (N) 121 111 129 109
 Controls (N) 124 135 116 137
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 0.84 0.59, 1.19 1.13 0.79, 1.61 0.81 0.56, 1.16 0.55
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.80 0.56, 1.16 1.02 0.70, 1.48 0.70 0.48, 1.03 0.18
High Vitamin C Fruits
 Median1 0.7 3.0 7.0 11.1
 Cases (N) 121 119 121 109
 Controls (N) 123 128 123 138
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 0.94 0.66, 1.34 0.99 0.69, 1.41 0.79 0.55, 1.14 0.27
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.84 0.58, 1.21 0.91 0.63, 1.31 0.69 0.47, 1.00 0.09
High Carotenoid Fruits
 Median1 1.0 3.6 7.5 12.7
 Cases (N) 116 121 122 111
 Controls (N) 129 125 124 134
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.08 0.76, 1.54 1.09 0.76, 1.55 0.92 0.64, 1.32 0.69
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.00 0.70, 1.44 1.03 0.72, 1.49 0.79 0.54, 1.14 0.26
Fruit Juices
 Median1 0 1.5 4.0 8.0
 Cases (N) 95 109 94 172
 Controls (N) 133 115 94 170
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.32 0.91, 1.92 1.40 0.95, 2.06 1.42 1.01, 1.99 0.06
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.28 0.87, 1.87 1.30 0.87, 1.95 1.32 0.93, 1.88 0.15
Whole Grains
 Median1 0 1.0 3.0 7.0
 Cases (N) 99 118 118 135
 Controls (N) 143 103 141 125
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.67 1.16, 2.42 1.23 0.86, 1.76 1.62 1.13, 2.32 0.05
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.60 1.10, 2.33 1.21 0.84, 1.74 1.47 1.01, 2.14 0.15
Processed Grains
 Median1 3.1 6.8 9.7 15.1
 Cases (N) 115 118 120 117
 Controls (N) 128 130 125 129
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.01 0.70, 1.44 1.07 0.75, 1.52 1.01 0.70, 1.45 0.89
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 0.97 0.67, 1.41 1.01 0.70, 1.46 0.86 0.58, 1.26 0.51
High Glycemic Index Foods
 Median1 12.8 19.8 26.6 38.1
 Cases (N) 100 108 122 140
 Controls (N) 145 138 124 105
 OR (95% CI)2 1.00 1.13 0.79, 1.62 1.42 1.00, 2.03 1.93 1.35, 2.77 <0.01
 OR (95% CI)3 1.00 1.01 0.70, 1.48 1.28 0.86, 1.89 1.64 1.05, 2.57 0.02

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

1

Medians given in servings per week.

2

ORs adjusted for age, race, and institution.

3

ORs adjusted for age, race, institution, energy intake, and history of first degree relative with prostate cancer.