Table 4.

Linear regression analysis of socio-demographic factors associated with height-for-age z-score among primary school children in Lahore, Pakistan (n = 1860)^a

Characteristics	Regression coefficient (95% CI)	Standard error	P value
Girls	0.09 (-0.03 to 0.20)	0.06	0.135
Age (months)	-0.01 (-0.02 to -0.01)	< 0.01	< 0.001
Area and socioeconomic status (SES)b	-0.08 (-0.17 to 0.01)	0.05	0.064
Higher neighborhood income	0.26 (0.14 to 0.38)	0.06	< 0.001
Higher parental education	0.07 (-0.01 to-0.15)	0.04	0.055
Higher number of siblings	-0.01 (-0.14 to 0.12)	0.07	0.900
Higher number of persons in child's living room	-0.10 (-0.20 to 0.01)	0.05	0.064
No smoking in living place	0.02 (-0.10 to 0.15)	0.07	0.712

^aR² for model = 0.111

^bArea and SES strata: 1. Urban with high SES, 2. Urban with middle SES, 3. Urban with low SES, and 4. Rural with low/disadvantaged SES