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Comparison of geo batteries with previous microbial fuel cells
| Previous microbial fuel cells | Geo battery | |
|---|---|---|
| Oxidation of organic fuel | Incomplete | Complete to carbon dioxide |
| Requirement for toxic electron shuttles to function | Yes | No |
| Recovery of electrons as electricity | 1–50% | 80–95% |
| Long-term stability | Poor | Excellent |
| Ability to function in “open” environments | No | Yes |
