Table 5.
Odds ratios (ORs) for the associations between number of sites positive or site of infection at the time of incident type-specific HPV detection and circumcision status (with circumcised men as the control group and uncircumcised men as the case group).
| Variable | Clinically-relevant HPVa | High-risk HPVb | HPV 16 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORc (95% CI) |
No. of Infections in Uncirc./No. of Infections in Circ. |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORc (95% CI) |
No. of Infections in Uncirc./No. of Infections in Circ. |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORc (95% CI) |
No. of Infections in Uncirc./ No. of Infections in Circ. |
|
| One Site | 1.0 | 1.0 | 101/358 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 94/330 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 18/57 |
| Two Sites | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 44/120 | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 40/106 | 1.3 (0.4, 3.8) | 1.0 (0.4, 3.8) | 6/15 |
| Three Sites | 9.2 (2.7, 31.1) | 10.4 (2.9, 36.8) | 13/5 | 8.9 (2.6, 30.2) | 10.1 (2.9, 36.1) | 13/5 | 12.7 (1.3, 122.1) | 12.8 (1.3, 126.9) | 4/1 |
| Shaft/Scrotum Only | 1.0 | 1.0 | 49/251 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 45/228 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 10/32 |
| Glans &/or Urine Only | 2.4 (1.5, 4.0) | 2.7 (1.6, 4.5) | 58/122 | 2.4 (1.4, 3.9) | 2.6 (1.5, 4.3) | 55/117 | 1.4 (0.5, 3.7) | 1.4 (0.5, 3.8) | 11/26 |
| Glans &/or Urine + Shaft/Scrotum | 2.3 (1.5, 3.8) | 2.4 (1.5, 3.9) | 58/127 | 2.4 (1.5, 3.9) | 2.4 (1.5, 4.0) | 53/113 | 1.9 (0.7, 5.4) | 1.9 (0.6, 5.6) | 10/17 |
| Variable | Alpha 9e | Alpha 7f | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORc (95% CI) |
No. of Infections in Uncirc./No. of Infections in Circ. |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORc (95% CI) |
No. of Infections in Uncirc./No. of Infections in Circ. |
|
| Number of Sites Infected at First Incident Detectiond | ||||||
| One Site | 1.0 | 1.0 | 42/ 114 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 23/87 |
| Two Sites | 1.1 (0.5, 2.4) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.4) | 9/23 | 0.7 (0.2, 1.9) | 0.7 (0.2, 1.9) | 5/29 |
| Three Sites | 9.5 (1.9, 47.8) | 10.7 (2.0, 57.0) | 7/2 | *** | *** | 2/0 |
| Site of First Detected Infection | ||||||
| Shaft/Scrotum Only | 1.0 | 1.0 | 19/65 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 11/59 |
| Glans &/or Urine Only | 1.9 (0.8, 4.1) | 2.0 (0.9, 4.4) | 29/53 | 2.2 (0.9, 5.6) | 2.2 (0.9, 5.6) | 12/29 |
| Glans &/or Urine + Shaft/Scrotum | 2.2 (0.98, 4.9) | 2.3 (1.01, 5.3) | 16/25 | 1.3 (0.5, 3.4) | 1.3 (0.5, 3.4) | 7/30 |
Clinically-relevant types were defined as high or probable high-risk types plus HPV6 and HPV11.
High or probable high risk types were defined as HPV16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82, and IS39, as defined in the cervical cancer literature.
Adjusted for number of sex partners in the previous 4 months, as this variable confounded the associations between circumcision and number of sites infected and site of detection.
Sites of detection were urine, glans, and shaft/scrotum.
Alpha 9 group (HPV16, 31, 33, 35, 52, and 58; excluding low risk type HPV70).
Alpha 7 group (HPV18, 39, 45, 59, and 68; excluding low risk type HPV67).
OR not estimable due to zero alpha-7 triple-site infections in the circumcised group.