Table 1. Group characteristics and immunological results of the 96 subjects enrolled in the cross-sectional study.

	N	ART	Previous TB self-reported	PPD responders	PPD+ CD27 Ratio <1	Median CD27 Ratio	Diagnostic Concordance MTB Culture*
TB−/HIV−	32	NA	1	19 (59%)	4	1.42	79%
TB+/HIV−	10	NA	0	8 (80%)	8	0.48	80%
TB−/HIV+	35	25	9	14 (40%)	9	0.92	75%
TB+/HIV+	18	0	0	16 (89%)	14	0.27	78%

NA = not applicable; ART = antiretroviral treatment; PPD⁺ CD27 Ratio = number of PPD-specific CD4 T cells positive for IFN gamma divided by the number of respective CD27⁻ CD4 T cells.

*Diagnostic concordance MTB culture defines the proportion of concordant results defined by PPD response and CD27 expression of PPD-specific CD4 T cells.