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. 2011 Oct 21;12(10):7199–7215. doi: 10.3390/ijms12107199

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© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Proposed role of PGC-1α in ischemic condition. ROS overproduction may stimulate the activation of PGC-1α signaling pathway, further triggering upregulation of mitochondrial proteins, including UCP2 and SOD2, in ischemic neurons. PGC-1α also regulates NRF-1, NRF-2 and Tfam expression as well as mitochondrial biogenesis that may have protective effects in ischemic condition. PGC-1α = peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α; UCP2 = uncoupling protein 2; SOD2 = superoxide dismutase 2; NRFs = Nuclear respiratory factors; Tfam = Mitochondrial transcription factor A; ↑ and ↘ denote increase and decrease, respectively.