Table II.

Factors affecting production of shikonin in cell-suspension cultures

Increased Production	Decreased Production
Auxina	Light, white or bluea
Streptomycin (inhibitor of protein synthesis)b	2,4-Da
Ascorbic acidb	p-Coumeric acidb
Suc > 5%b	Benzoic acidb
l-Pheb	p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (in Linsmaier and Skoog medium)b
Nitrate depletionc	Ammoniumc
Copper sulfated	Glyd
Endogenous polysaccharidese	Lack of acidic polysaccharidesf
Fungal elicitation (Penicillium)g	Glnh
Oligosaccharides of cell wall 12- to 22-mersi	Mevinolin (inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase)i
Methyl jasmonatej	2-Aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid (inhibitor of PAL)j
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (in M-9 medium)k

^aTabata et al. (1974). 

^bMizukami et al. (1977, 1978). 

^cFujita et al. (1981a). 

^dFujita et al. (1981b). 

^eFukui, et al. (1990). 

^fFukui et al. (1983). 

^gKim and Chang (1990). 

^hYazaki et al. (1987). 

ⁱTani et al. (1992, 1993). 

^jGaisser and Heide (1996). 

^kYazaki et al. (1997).