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. 2011 Nov 9;6(11):e26738. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026738

Table 1. Daily and annual energetic requirements in kcal and number of Chinook salmon (based on a hypothetical 16,386 kcal salmon, [34]) for the current size of the southern resident killer whale (SRKW) population, considering various levels of asymptotic length and mass attained by killer whales in the population.

Body Length Male Female Total Energy Requirement Total Chinook Requirement
Scenario Asymptotic Asymptotic kcal kcal “100%” “100%” “Summer”
(Source) Length (cm) Mass (kg) Length (cm) Mass (kg) (×106) (per day) (×109) (per year) fish (per day) fish ×103 (per year) Fish ×103 (per year)
IWC NP Max 820 9655 780 8393 17.8 6.5 1088 397 98
IWC NP 99th 804 9137 742 7298 16.2 5.9 988 361 89
IWC NP 95th 770 8096 710 6451 14.4 5.3 880 321 79
IWC NP 80th 700 6199 630 4616 10.8 4.0 662 242 59
SeaWorld Max 685 5835 626 4534 10.5 3.8 639 233 57
SeaWorld 99th 678 5669 620 4413 10. 2 3.7 622 227 56
SeaWorld 95th 651 5059 598 3989 9.2 3.3 562 205 50
SeaWorld 80th 604 4102 560 3319 7.7 2.8 468 171 42

Our best estimate of body size in SRKW is based on the 80th percentile of body lengths from the IWC catch records from the North Pacific, shown in bold. The “100%” scenario is hypothetical and illustrative: it naively converts caloric requirement to units of fish, assuming that the diet is composed entirely of Chinook salmon. The “Summer” scenario only estimates prey requirements from May–September, based on the proportion (83%) of the diet that is estimated to come from Chinook salmon in summer [17], [18]. Note that a ‘recovered’ population refers here to 155 animals in 2029 (one scenario calculated from the 2001 population of 81 animals with an estimated average annual growth of 2.3 percent over the succeeding 28 years, [31]). A recovered population will require at least 75% more energy than the values predicted here.