Table 1. Cardiomyopathy correlates with the Minute phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster.
Gene (synonym) | Bristle phenotypea | Heart phenotype | Allele | Genes affected | EDDb (µm) | ESDb (µm) | FSb (%) | n = |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Normal | Normal | w1118 | 81 ± 4 | 2 ± 1 | 98 ± 1 | 16 | |
Chromosome X | ||||||||
RpL36 | Minute | Abnormal | Df(1)y74k24.1 | >30 | 123 ± 6 | 29 ± 9 | 78 ± 6 | 8 |
RpL7A | Minute | Abnormal | Df(1)dx81 | >100 | 96 ± 5 | 23 ± 5 | 78 ± 5 | 14 |
RpS15Aa | Minute | Abnormal | Df(1)f08066-f07791 | 3 | 131 ± 12 | 32 ± 10 | 78 ± 5 | 9 |
eIF-2α | Minute | Abnormal | Df(1)ED7364 | 45 | 107 ± 4 | 22 ± 4 | 79 ± 4 | 4 |
RpS5a | Minute | Abnormal | RpS5a1 | 1 | 104 ± 6 | 24 ± 5 | 78 ± 4 | 14 |
mRpS14 | Normal | Normal | Df(1)e00904-d02459 | 9 | 70 ± 3 | 5 ± 1 | 93 ± 4 | 22 |
Chromosome 2 | ||||||||
RpLP1 | Minute | Abnormal | RpLP1beo | 1 | 84 ± 4 | 17 ± 4 | 81 ± 4 | 16 |
RpS21 (oho23B) | Minute | Abnormal | Df(2L)JS31 | ∼70 | 91 ± 10 | 29 ± 10 | 71 ± 11 | 4 |
RpL40 | Minute | Abnormal | Df(2L)BSC217 | 20 | 82 ± 5 | 28 ± 4 | 67 ± 4 | 11 |
RpS13 | Minute | Abnormal | RpS131 | 1 | 109 ± 5 | 35 ± 6 | 69 ± 5 | 12 |
RpL27A | Minute | Abnormal | RpL27A1 | 1 | 90 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 69 ± 4 | 11 |
RpS26 | Minute | Abnormal | Df(2L)Exel8038 | 26 | 89 ± 4 | 22 ± 6 | 75 ± 7 | 7 |
RpL5 | Minute | Abnormal | RpL52d2 | 1 | 98 ± 7 | 22 ± 5 | 80 ± 4 | 7 |
mRpL10 | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)Exel7002 | 18 | 82 ± 7 | 7 ± 3 | 93 ± 3 | 14 |
mRpL48 | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)Exel6005 | 16 | 76 ± 6 | 5 ± 2 | 95 ± 2 | 16 |
mRpS2 | Normal | Normal | mRpS2EY10086 | 1 | 63 ± 3 | 1 ± 1 | 99 ± 1 | 14 |
mRpL24 | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)Exel7021 | 22 | 92 ± 7 | 12 ± 5 | 87 ± 5 | 10 |
mRpL28 | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)Exel7021 | 22 | 92 ± 7 | 12 ± 5 | 87 ± 5 | 10 |
RpS28-like | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)ED678 | 65 | 94 ± 3 | 1 ± 1 | 99 ± 0 | 8 |
RpS2 (sop) | Normal | Normal | Df(2L)ED695 | 40 | 76 ± 4 | 1 ± 0 | 99 ± 0 | 11 |
mRpL52 | Normal | Normal | Df(2R)Exel7092 | 20 | 54 ± 5 | 11 ± 5 | 85 ± 6 | 12 |
RpS15Ab | Normal | Normal | Df(2R)ED2098 | 56 | 85 ± 4 | 4 ± 1 | 96 ± 2 | 12 |
Chromosome 3 | ||||||||
RpS17 | Minute | Abnormal | RpS176 | 1 | 92 ± 6 | 15 ± 4 | 83 ± 4 | 11 |
RpS29 | Minute | Abnormal | Df(3R)ED5454 | 68 | 97 ± 2 | 19 ± 5 | 81 ± 5 | 9 |
RpS25 | Minute | Abnormal | Df(3R)ED5518 | 80 | 86 ± 4 | 23 ± 5 | 73 ± 6 | 9 |
RpS3 | Minute | Abnormal | RpS3Plac92 | 1 | 84 ± 3 | 28 ± 4 | 64 ± 6 | 7 |
mRpL17 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)Exel6084 | 43 | 66 ± 6 | 18 ± 6 | 86 ± 7 | 7 |
mRpL23 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4287 | 85 | 76 ± 9 | 9 ± 3 | 86 ± 5 | 7 |
mRpS35 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)Exel6091 | 13 | 69 ± 6 | 7 ± 2 | 93 ± 3 | 12 |
mRpS6 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4342 | 48 | 83 ± 5 | 5 ± 3 | 94 ± 3 | 14 |
mRpL12 | Normal | Normal | mRpL1210534 | 1 | 81 ± 3 | 6 ± 3 | 94 ± 3 | 11 |
mRpL2 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4470 | 121 | 85 ± 5 | 7 ± 3 | 93 ± 3 | 11 |
RpL10Ab | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4470 | 121 | 85 ± 5 | 7 ± 3 | 93 ± 3 | 11 |
mRpL20 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4486 | 64 | 78 ± 6 | 3 ± 3 | 97 ± 3 | 15 |
RpS12 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4486 | 64 | 78 ± 6 | 3 ± 3 | 97 ± 3 | 15 |
mRpL39 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED217 | 98 | 84 ± 4 | 4 ± 2 | 96 ± 3 | 16 |
mRpS34 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4606 | 148 | 113 ± 5 | 1 ± 1 | 99 ± 1 | 14 |
mRpS26 | Normal | Normal | Df(3L)ED4710 | 81 | 79 ± 4 | 2 ± 2 | 96 ± 3 | 14 |
mRpS9 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED7665 | 131 | 75 ± 5 | 7 ± 3 | 91 ± 3 | 12 |
mRpL1 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED5230 | 103 | 73 ± 3 | 4 ± 2 | 96 ± 3 | 21 |
mRpL19 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED5330 | 71 | 75 ± 6 | 3 ± 3 | 96 ± 4 | 5 |
mRpS21 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED5612 | 104 | 71 ± 5 | 1 ± 1 | 90 ± 1 | 14 |
mRpS33 | Normal | Abnormal | mRpS33f01766 | 1 | 97 ± 6 | 24 ± 6 | 78 ± 5 | 16 |
mRpS11 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED5780 | 100 | 87 ± 3 | 4 ± 2 | 96 ± 2 | 13 |
mRpL55 | Normal | Normal | Df(3R)ED5938 | 73 | 69 ± 5 | 7 ± 3 | 91 ± 4 | 12 |
Chromosome 4 | ||||||||
RpS3A | Minute | Abnormal | RpS3A57g | 1 | 117 ± 5 | 42 ± 7 | 65 ± 5 | 10 |
Bristle phenotypes were confirmed as published (Duffy et al. 1996; Marygold et al. 2007) or visually confirmed in the case of custom deletions or obtained P-element stocks.
Cardiac chamber measurements: end-diastolic dimension (EDD), end-systolic dimension (ESD), and fractional shortening (FS: (EDD − ESD)/EDD × 100). Values are expressed as the mean ±SEM. Abnormal heart function is noted by a significant increase in ESD and a significant decrease in fractional shortening compared to w1118 control. One-way Anova with Dunnett Multiple Comparisons test.