Table 2.

Echocardiographic parameters and hemodynamic parameters in dogs with tachypacing-induced, chronic-progressive heart failure

	Baseline	Chronic Heart Failure
Left ventricle
IVSd, cm	0.81 ± 0.04	0.62 ± 0.04†
IVSs, cm	1.23 ± 0.11	0.75 ± 0.03†
LVPWd	0.83 ± 0.01	0.66 ± 0.03*
LVPWs	1.22 ± 0.03	0.92 ± 0.05*
LVIDd, cm	2.83 ± 0.19	3.88 ± 0.43*
LVIDs, cm	1.61 ± 0.15	3.19 ± 0.41†
EDV, ml	31.35 ± 5.2	70.17 ± 17.91**
ESV, ml	7.71 ± 1.8	47.03 ± 13.38*
FS, %	43.46 ± 2.4	18.47 ± 1.6†
LV mass	57.37 ± 7.7	70.09 ± 15.1
Atria
LA area-ED, cm2	4.4 ± 0.38	6.2 ± 1.51
LA area-ES, cm2	6.2 ± 0.48	8.1 ± 1.7
LA FAC, %	29.19 ± 0.91	25.21 ± 2.45

Values are means ± SE. IVSd, interventricular septal dimension-diastole; IVSs, interventricular septal dimension-systole; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall dimension-diastole; LVPWs, left ventricular posterior wall dimension-systole; LVID-d, left ventricular internal diameter-diastole; LVID-s, left ventricular internal diameter-systole; EDV, end-diastolic volume; ESV, end-systolic volume; FS, fractional shortening; LA, left atrium; ED, end-diastole; ES, end-systole; FAC, fractional area change.

^*P ≤ 0.05 versus baseline values.

^†P ≤ 0.01.

^**P = 0.052.