Table 2. mRNA expression of carbohydrate transporters and catabolic enzymes in HepG2 cells cultured in standard MEM (control, containing 5.5 mM glucose), MEM+5 mM fructose, or MEM+10 mM glucosamine (GlcN) for 24, 48, and 72 hours.

			Gene
Time		GLUT 2	GLUT 5	HK 2	KHK
24 Hours				% of Control
	Control	100.0±4.6	100.0±11.8	100.0±8.6	100.0±5.1
	5 mM Fructose	92.0±2.6	88.9±19.4	104.7±13.9	80.0±7.8
	10 mM GlcN	78.5±5.1*	159.7±25.8	157.7±20.6*	97.3±5.5
48 Hours
	Control	100.0±5.2	100.0±10.5	100.0±6.9	100.0±1.0
	5 mM Fructose	103.9±10.3	103.1±12.9	70.0±12.8	84.9±7.3
	10 mM GlcN	100.6±16.3	171.8±29.3*	72.0±14.7	103.7±14.3
72 Hours
	Control	100.0±3.6	100.0±1.9	100.0±1.7	100.0±0.6
	5 mM Fructose	121.5±7.2	123.2±15.3	89.9±21.9	103.1±9.6
	10 mM GlcN	91.72±13.8	192.2±9.3*	180.5±53.5	109.0±14.7

Values are means ± SEM, n = 5 or 6/group.

*P<0.05 vs. control.

GLUT 2 (SLC2A2), solute carrier family 2 member 2; GLUT 5 (SLC2A5), solute carrier family 2 member 5; HK2, hexokinase 2; KHK, ketohexokinase (fructokinase).

Note: GCK (HK4) was not detected in any samples.