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. 2011 Nov 11;6(11):e26916. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026916

Figure 1. Purine and polyamine metabolisms in P. falciparum-infected human erythrocytes.

Figure 1

Purine pathway: AMP, adenosine 5′-monophosphate; ADP, adenosine 5′-diphosphate; ATP, adenosine 5′-triphosphate; IMP, inosine 5′-monophosphate; XMP, xanthosine 5′-monophosphate; GMP, guanosine 5′-monophosphate; MTA, methylthioadenosine; MTI, methylthioinosine; AdS, adenylosuccinate; hADA, human adenosine deaminase; hPNP, human purine nucleoside phosphorylase; hHGPRT, human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase; hAK, human adenosine kinase; hAMPDA, human adenosine 5′-monophosphate deaminase; hAPRT, human adenine phosphoribosyl transferase; Pf ADA, P. falciparum adenosine deaminase; Pf PNP, P. falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase; Pf HGXPRT, P. falciparum hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyl transferase; Pf AMPDA, P. falciparum adenosine 5′-monophosphate deaminase; Pf IMPDH, P. falciparum inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase; Pf GMPs, P. falciparum guanosine 5′-monophosphate synthase; Pf AdSS, adenylosuccinate synthase; Pf AdSL, adenylosuccinate lyase. Polyamine pathway: AdoMet, S-adenosylmethionine; AdoHC, S-adenosylhomocysteine; HC, homocysteine; Met, methionine; dcAdoMet, decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine; Pf SpdSyn, P. falciparum spermidine synthase; Pf ODCAdoMetDC, P. falciparum ornithine decarboxylase/S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase; Pf MetTfase, P. falciparum methyltransferase(s); Pf AHC, P. falciparum S-adenosyl homocysteinase; Pf MetSyn, P. falciparum methionine synthase; Pf AdoMetSyn, P. falciparum S-adenosylmethionine synthase. The metabolically favored direction is indicated with bold arrows on reversible steps. The metabolic step inhibited by BCX4945 is indicated in red. Nucleoside/nucleobase transporters are indicated on each membrane: human erythrocyte nucleoside transporter (brown), P. falciparum NT1 transporter (blue) and yet-to-be characterized adenosine 5′-monophosphate transporter (purple).