Table 3.
Associations Between Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Cocolonization and Clinical and Demographic characteristicsa
| MRSA/VRE cocolonizationb | No cocolonizationc |
MRSA onlyd |
VRE onlye |
||||
| Characteristic | (n = 17) | (n = 246) | rate ratio (95% CI) | (n = 77) | rate ratio (95% CI) | (n = 10) | rate ratio (95% CI) |
| Mean | |||||||
| Age, years | 75.9 | 77.9 | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 78. | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 79.4 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) |
| CCS | 3.2 | 3.2 | .9 (.8–1.1) | 3.1 | 0.9 (.7–1.2) | 3.5 | 0.9 (.7–1.2) |
| Follow-up, months | 6.8 | 6.6 | 1.0 (.9–1.2) | 7.3 | 1.0 (.8–1.1) | 2.9 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2)* |
| PSMS | 26.3 | 22 | 1.3 (1.1–1.4)*** | 23.5 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4)* | 21.7 | 1.1 (1.0–1.3)* |
| No. (%) of residents | |||||||
| Male | 13 (76) | 103 (42) | 3.1 (.9–10.4) | 30 (39) | 3.3 (1.1–10.2)* | 7 (70) | 1.0 (.5–2.0) |
| Diabetes | 7 (41) | 63 (27) | 1.3 (.3–4.8) | 19 (25) | 1.1 (.3–3.9) | 4 (40) | 0.9 (.4–2.1) |
| Wound | 8 (53) | 62 (27) | 3.4 (1.4–8.6)** | 24 (35) | 2.6 (1.3–5.3)** | 4 (40) | 1.2 (.48–2.84) |
| Antibiotics | 9 (53) | 82 (33) | 3.0 (1.0–9.1) | 18 (23) | 3.7 (1.3–10.3)* | 9 (90) | 0.5 (.3–0.9)* |
| Hospitalization | 6 (38) | 69 (30) | 1.6 (.3–9.9) | 14 (21) | 10.6 (.7–151.4) | 8 (80) | 0.5 (.3–1.1) |
| Long stayf | 7 (41) | 97 (39) | 1.8 (.5–6.3) | 29 (38) | 1.3 (.4–4.3) | 1 (10) | 1.9 (1.0–3.7) |
Prospective surveillance study of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus/vancomycin-resistant enterococci (MRSA/VRE) cocolonization conducted in skilled nursing facilities in Michigan, October 2006 to January 2010 (n = 178). Cocolonized participants are compared to all other participants, to those colonized only with MRSA, and with those colonized only with VRE.
Abbreviations: n, number of resident-months colonized; CCS, Charlson comorbidity score (range, 0–11 with increasing comorbidity); PSMS, Physical Self-Maintenance Scale score (range, 6–30, with increasing functional disability).
Adjusted for repeated measures using generalized estimating equations.
MRSA/VRE cocolonization is the outcome in each analysis. Subpopulations that the logistic regression analyses were conducted in are listed in notes c, d, and e.
All device residents (included residents singly colonized with VRE alone or MRSA alone).
MRSA only colonization.
VRE only colonization.
Admission at facility >90 days.
*P < .05.
**P < .01.
***P < .001.