Table 3.
Reference | Objective standard | Objective standard unit | IPAQ-SF intensity (min/wk) (ρ) | Re-categorization by the investigators | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vigorous | Moderate | Walking | ||||
Ishikawa-Takata 2008 [28] | Doubly labeled water | TEE | /(3 categories)‡ | |||
PAL | * (3 categories) ‡ | |||||
Lachat 2008 [35] | accelerometer | Count | 0.29 | -0.01 | ||
Mader 2006 [36]1 | accelerometer | Count | -0.18 | 0.23 | 0.42b | 0.43 (moderate + walking) |
Dinger 2006 [25]2 | accelerometer | Step | 0.30 | 0.14 | ||
Kolbe-Alexander 2006 [43]3 | accelerometer | Count | 0.37† | 0.57†a | ||
0.08†† | 0.42††b | |||||
Rangul 2008 [23]4 | accelerometer | TEE | 0.09 (3 categories) ‡ | |||
PAL | 0.03 (3 categories) ‡ | |||||
Kurtze 2008 [34]5 | accelerometer | AEE | 0.05 | 0.16 | ||
PAL | 0.08 | 0.14 | ||||
Mader 2006 [36]1 | accelerometer | Vigorous PA min/wk (Swartz) | -0.03 | |||
Dinger 2006 [25]2 | accelerometer | Vigorous + moderate 10-min bout | 0.44b | 0.19 | ||
Vigorous PA min/wk | 0.47b | |||||
Cust 2009 [40]6 | accelerometer | Vigorous PA min/wk | 0.28# | |||
0.32## | ||||||
Timperio 2004 [42]7 | accelerometer | Vigorous PA min/wk | 0.15¶ | |||
0.28¶¶ | ||||||
Kolbe-Alexander 2006 [43]3 | accelerometer | Vigorous count (Freedson) | 0.43†b | |||
0.05†† | ||||||
Ramirez-Marrero 2010 [38]8 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk (Freedson) | 0.23 | -0.03 | ||
Vigorous + moderate min/wk (Freedson) | 0.15 (Vigorous + moderate min/wk) | |||||
Mader 2006 [36]1 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk (Swartz) | 0.38 | 0.27 | 0.39 (moderate + walking) | |
Dinger 2006 [25]2 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk | 0.23 | |||
Cust 2009 [40]6 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk | 0.34# | 0.32# (moderate + walking) | ||
0.01## | 0.08## (moderate + walking) | |||||
Timperio 2004 [42]7 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk | 0.13¶ | |||
0.27¶¶ | ||||||
Kolbe-Alexander 2006 [43]3 | accelerometer | Moderate PA min/wk | 0.31† | 0.56†a | ||
-0.09†† | 0.08†† | |||||
Ramirez-Marrero 2010 [38]8 | pedometer | Count | 0.16 | 0.76a | 0.18 (vigorous + moderate min/wk) | |
De Cocker 2009 [30] | pedometer | Count | 0.20 | 0.33 | 0.15 | |
Deng 2008 [20] | pedometer | Count | -0.09 | 0.05 | 0.51a | |
Dinger 2006 [25]2 | pedometer | Count | 0.38 | 0.17 | ||
Reference | Fitness measure | Fitness measure unit | IPAQ-SF intensity (min/wk) (ρ) | Re-categorization by the investigators | ||
Vigorous | Moderate | Walking | ||||
Papathanasiou 2010 [37] | Treadmill | Maximum time endured | 0.43b | 0.16 | ||
Rangul 2008 [25]4 | VO2max | Walking distance | 0.32 (3 categories) | |||
Kurtze 2008 [34]5 | VO2max | ml/kg/min | 0.41b | 0.19 | ||
Mader 2006 [36]1 | VO2max | ml/kg/min | 0.29 | |||
Fogelholm 2006 [41] | VO2max | ml/kg/min | *‡‡‡ | * (5 categories) ‡‡ | ||
Egeland 2008 [44] | Body fat | Percentage | -0.26 | |||
Fogelholm 2006 [41] | Sit-ups | Maximum number | *‡‡‡ | * (5 categories) ‡‡ | ||
Push-up | Maximum number | *‡‡‡ | * (5 categories) ‡‡ | |||
Squats | Maximum number | *‡‡‡ | * (5 categories) ‡‡ |
AEE: average energy expenditure
TEE: total energy expenditure;
PAL: physical activity level (TEE/basal metabolic rate)
MET: metabolic equivalent task
MET min/wk (Swartz): moderate PA: 574≤ count/min ≤4945, vigorous PA: count/min > 4945
MET min/wk (Freedson): moderate PA: 1952≤ count/min ≤5724, vigorous PA: count/min > 5724
Studies cited more than once have been identified with the same superscript number
3 categories‡: novel definition [23] of: low, moderate, high
5 categories‡‡: novel definition [36] of five quintiles according to IPAQ-SF total MET score (‡‡)/time spent on vigorous activity (‡‡‡)
a: moderate effect size (0.5 - 0.79)
b: approaching moderate effect size (0.4 - 0.49)
†/††: male/female
#/##: high/low confidence
¶/¶¶: with/without logbook
*: significant (p <0.05) between-category difference from ANOVA test
/: nonsignificant (p >0.05) between-category difference from ANOVA test