Table 2.
Clinical features and psychiatric family history of the MDD patients (n = 31)
| Feature | MDD subjects, n |
|---|---|
| Comorbid psychiatric disorders | |
| Externalizing disorders | 14 (45) |
| ADHD | 13 (42) |
| ODD | 5 (16) |
| Any anxiety disorder | 12 (38.7) |
| GAD | 9 (29) |
| Separation anxiety disorder | 5 (16) |
| Social phobia | 3 (9.6) |
| Panic disorder | 2 (6.4) |
| Specific phobia | 2 (6.4) |
| OCD | 1 (3) |
| Family history of mental disorders | |
| Any family history | 28 (90) |
| Parent with MDD | 15 (48) |
| Parent with bipolar disorder | 9 (29) |
| Parent with ADHD | 3 (10) |
| Parent with GAD | 3 (10) |
| Parent with SUD | 9 (29) |
| Grandparent with MDD | 13 (42) |
| Grandparent with bipolar disorder | 2 (6) |
| Other features | |
| Currently receiving psychiatric medications | 15 (48) |
| History of psychiatric hospitalizations | 4 (12.9) |
| Age of onset (mean ± SD), years | 10.0 ± 2.8 |
| CDRS score (mean ± SD) | 33.8 ± 23.8 |
| HAM-D score (mean ± SD) | 11.6 ± 6.6 |
| CGAS score (mean ± SD) | 62.5 ± 12.3 |
ODD = Oppositional defiant disorder; GAD = generalized anxiety disorder; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; SUD = substance use disorder. Figures in parentheses are percentages.