Part 2 of FEES: Direct Examination of Swallowing Food and Liquids

Oral stage (fiberoptic endoscopic view): Competence of linguovelar seal, base-of-tongue movements, base-of-tongue retraction, bolus transport into the pharynx, duration of complete oral stage Spillage of bolus during oral preparatory stage (for the different bolus consistencies: liquid, semi-solid, solid): bolus path, penetration and/or aspiration Pharyngeal stage: Checklist entries for different bolus consistencies and bolus volumes: Measured bolus volumes with instructions to swallow: Bolus path, swallow initiation, penetration/aspiration, pre-, intra-, and postdeglutitive Natural drinking and eating behavior: Bolus path, swallow initiation, penetration/aspiration, pre-, intra-, and postdeglutitive Hyolaryngeal elevation: epiglottal inversion (impression from all swallows) Residues and management: Checklist entries include the different bolus consistencies and bolus volumes: Location of residues, amount of residues, awareness to residues, clearing forces, effectiveness of clearing force