Table 3.
Pain comorbidities by pain condition cohorts (%)
| Pain cohorts | Comorbid pain conditions, % | Number of pain conditions (mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke pain | Lumbar radiculopathy | Cervical radiculopathy | Fibromyalgia | Osteoarthritis | Low back pain | Migraine | Rheumatoid arthritis | Painful bladder syndrome | Interstitial cystitis | ||
| Diabetic neuropathy (n = 37,133) | 11.66 | 3.30 | 1.34 | 2.27 | 16.01 | 13.33 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 1.80 | 0.08 | 1.55 |
| Postherpetic neuropathy (n = 3551) | 7.69 | 4.70 | 1.69 | 2.76 | 14.31 | 14.50 | 1.72 | 1.38 | 1.58 | 0.20 | 1.57 |
| Trigeminal neuralgia (n = 3869) | 9.25 | 3.15 | 2.25 | 3.36 | 12.43 | 11.73 | 4.73 | 0.65 | 2.12 | 0.28 | 1.58 |
| HIV-associated pain (n = 371) | 8.09 | 5.12 | 4.58 | 20.75 | 28.57 | 52.83 | 14.29 | 3.23 | 1.89 | 0.81 | 2.50 |
| Multiple sclerosis-associated pain (n = 647) | 8.50 | 10.66 | 6.80 | 14.06 | 38.02 | 44.82 | 23.49 | 5.72 | 4.95 | 0.62 | 2.65 |
| Stroke-associated pain (n = 3087) | 100.00 | 6.96 | 6.58 | 6.12 | 53.29 | 39.23 | 21.70 | 2.88 | 2.56 | 0.23 | 2.49 |
| Lumbar radiculopathy (n = 56,358) | 4.77 | 100.00 | 5.95 | 5.02 | 24.53 | 46.82 | 2.56 | 1.03 | 1.79 | 0.23 | 2.00 |
| Complex regional pain syndrome (n = 1808) | 4.59 | 9.18 | 6.31 | 9.62 | 20.46 | 24.12 | 5.59 | 1.49 | 1.66 | 0.39 | 1.93 |
| Spinal cord injury (n = 331) | 5.44 | 7.85 | 10.88 | 8.16 | 43.81 | 68.88 | 2.11 | 0.91 | 2.11 | 0.00 | 2.58 |
| Surgically-induced pain (n = 1478) | 4.33 | 2.10 | 1.15 | 1.56 | 15.63 | 9.13 | 1.96 | 0.34 | 1.62 | 0.27 | 1.42 |
| Phantom limb pain (n = 205) | 12.68 | 4.88 | 3.90 | 5.37 | 16.1 | 24.88 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 1.95 | . | 1.84 |
| Cervical radiculopathy (n = 40,844) | 3.50 | 7.37 | 100.00 | 5.62 | 23.66 | 17.99 | 3.38 | 0.85 | 1.68 | 0.17 | 1.70 |
| Fibromyalgia (n = 75,570) | 3.41 | 4.66 | 3.26 | 100.00 | 17.30 | 21.78 | 4.47 | 2.08 | 2.22 | 0.37 | 1.66 |
| Osteoarthritis (n = 365,086) | 6.44 | 4.78 | 2.59 | 3.25 | 100.00 | 19.34 | 1.69 | 2.12 | 2.05 | 0.17 | 1.48 |
| Low back pain (n = 424,410) | 4.19 | 9.80 | 2.14 | 3.96 | 17.00 | 100.00 | 2.71 | 0.84 | 2.05 | 0.20 | 1.49 |
| Migraine (n = 92,943) | 3.08 | 2.32 | 2.07 | 3.86 | 7.49 | 13.07 | 100.00 | 0.65 | 1.86 | 0.30 | 1.39 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (n = 40,362) | 4.98 | 2.97 | 1.38 | 3.76 | 20.99 | 12.82 | 1.93 | 100.00 | 1.66 | 0.18 | 1.57 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis (n = 10,050) | 3.93 | 10.31 | 2.92 | 6.25 | 20.38 | 31.92 | 2.86 | 3.24 | 2.02 | 0.30 | 1.89 |
| Psoriatic arthropathy (n = 4795) | 2.61 | 1.84 | 1.54 | 2.50 | 15.95 | 10.59 | 1.61 | 17.08 | 1.79 | 0.08 | 1.60 |
| Cancer pain (n = 28) | 3.57 | 3.57 | – | 3.57 | 3.57 | 10.71 | 10.71 | – | 3.57 | – | 1.39 |
| Irritable bowel syndrome (n = 40,025) | 3.02 | 2.40 | 1.53 | 3.58 | 8.95 | 12.20 | 3.59 | 0.60 | 2.49 | 0.45 | 1.41 |
| Painful bladder syndrome (n = 2870) | 1.85 | 2.13 | 1.05 | 2.82 | 5.96 | 12.16 | 3.59 | 0.66 | 100.00 | 12.75 | 1.48 |
| Interstitial cystitis (n = 5662) | 3.29 | 3.50 | 1.89 | 5.05 | 11.09 | 14.71 | 4.29 | 0.81 | 10.65 | 100.00 | 1.63 |
Notes: Infrequent comorbid conditions were omitted from the table. Excluded conditions that occurred in <1% of all cohorts included: postherpetic neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, HIV, multiple sclerosis, complex regional pain syndrome, spinal cord injury, surgically-induced pain, phantom limb, and cancer pain. Excluded conditions that occurred in >1% in at least one cohort but <5% of any cohort included: diabetic neuropathy, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthropathy, and irritable bowel syndrome.
Abbreviation: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.