Table 2.
Baseline demographic and illness characteristics (N = 532)
| Age, ya | |
| Mean (SD) | 42.3 (12.8) |
| Median (min, max) | 43.2 (18, 80) |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Male | 353 (66.4) |
| Female | 179 (33.6) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |
| Caucasian | 321 (60.3) |
| African American | 126 (23.7) |
| Hispanic | 61 (11.5) |
| Mixed race | 9 (1.7) |
| Other | 8 (1.5) |
| Asian | 7 (1.3) |
| Duration of schizophrenia, yb | |
| Mean (SD) | 17.9 (12.3) |
| Median (min, max) | 16.0 (0.0; 57.0) |
| Schizophrenia type, n (%) | |
| Paranoid | 359 (67.5) |
| Undifferentiated | 98 (18.4) |
| Disorganized | 59 (11.1) |
| Residual | 10 (1.9) |
| Catatonic | 4 (0.8) |
| Missing | 2 (0.4) |
| Employment status, n (%)c | |
| Unemployed | 218 (41.0) |
| Disabled/long-term sick leave | 134 (25.2) |
| Part-time | 19 (3.6) |
| Full-time | 14 (2.6) |
| Student | 5 (0.9) |
| Homemaker | 4 (0.8) |
| Retired | 3 (0.6) |
| Missing | 176 (33.1) |
| Income, n (%) | |
| <$20,000.00 | 239 (44.9) |
| $20,000 to $34,000 | 15 (2.8) |
| $35,000 to $49,999 | 4 (0.8) |
| $50,000 to $74,999 | 1 (0.2) |
| >$75,000.00 | 3 (0.6) |
| Patient refused | 3 (0.6) |
| Patient unemployed | 91 (17.1) |
| Missing | 176 (33.1) |
max, maximum; min, minimum; SD, standard deviation.
an = 528
bn = 518
cSum of percentages can be greater than 100 because patients can be in more than one group.