Table 1.
Clinical trials of bone marrow stem cells in liver disease.
| Reference | Patient group | Number (n) | Site injection | BM cells | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Am Esch II et al. [36] | Patients with liver cancer, no cirrhosis | Study: 3 Control: 3 |
Portal vein | Autologous, bone marrow, CD133+ |
2.5-fold increase in left lobe in study group on CT volumetry |
|
| |||||
| Gordon et al. [34] | Hepatitis B or C Alcoholic cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis |
5 | Portal vein 3 Hepatic artery 2 |
Autologous peripheral blood, post-G-CSF CD34+ |
Improvement in albumin or bilirubin in 3/5 patients |
|
| |||||
| Terai et al. [38] | Hepatitis B or C Cirrhosis |
9 | Peripheral vein | Autologous, iliac crest, unsorted BM |
Improvement in the Child-Pugh Score and albumin |
|
| |||||
| Yannaki et al. [39] | Alcoholic cirrhosis | 2 | Peripheral vein | Autologous Peripheral blood, post-G-CSF CD34+ |
Improvement in the Child-Pugh and MELD Score |
|
| |||||
| Furst et al. [37]* | Patients with liver cancer, no cirrhosis | Study: 6 Control: 7 |
Portal vein | Autologous, bone marrow, CD133+ |
Increase in daily liver growth |
|
| |||||
| Lyra et al. [41] | Alcoholic, hepatitis C, cholestatic and cryptogenic cirrhosis | 10 | Hepatic artery | Autologous, Iliac crest, unsorted BM |
Improvement in Child's Pugh score, bilirubin, and albumin |
|
| |||||
| Gasbarrini et al. [43] | Drug-induced acute liver failure | 1 | Portal vein | Autologous Peripheral blood, post-G-CSF CD34+ |
Improvement in clotting (PT), AST, and ALT up to 30 days Patient died of sepsis at day 60 |
|
| |||||
| Yan et al. [40] | Hepatitis B cirrhosis | 2 | Hepatic artery | Autologous peripheral blood monocytes post-G-CSF | Improvement in albumin, Bilirubin, AST, ALT, and the Child-Pugh Score |
|
| |||||
| Mohamadnejad et al. [45] | Decompensated cirrhosis | 4 | Hepatic artery | Autologous bone marrow-haematopoietic CD34+ cells | Two patients showed minor improvement in albumin one had nephropathy and hepatorenal syndrome—trial terminated |
|
| |||||
| Mohamadnejad et al. [46] | Decompensated cirrhosis | 4 | Peripheral vein | Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells | MELD Score improvement in 2 patients |
|
| |||||
| Pai et al. [49] | Alcoholic liver cirrhosis | 9 | Hepatic artery | Autologous, post-G-CSF, CD34+ cells expanded in vitro | Significant improvement in bilirubin and liver enzymes |
|
| |||||
| Khan et al. [44] | Hepatitis B or C | 4 | Hepatic artery | Autologous, post-G-CSF, CD34+ cells | Improvement in liver function |
|
| |||||
| Kharaziha et al. [47] | Hepatitis B or C Alcoholic cirrhosis and Cryptogenic | 8 | Peripheral or portal vein | Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells | Significant improvement in MELD Score |
|
| |||||
| Lyra et al. [42] | Hepatitis B or C Alcoholic and cryptogenic cirrhosis |
Study: 15 Control: 15 |
Hepatic artery | Autologous mononuclear-enriched bone marrow cells | Improvement in liver function |
|
| |||||
| Kim et al. [48] | Hepatitis B | 10 | Peripheral vein | Autologous bone marrow cells | Improvement in albumin, quality of life, and the Child-Pugh Score |
*This includes Am Esch II et al. [36].