Table 2.

Echocardiographic results. Anterior wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end diastolic dimension, left ventricular end systolic dimension, left ventricular mass, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening were measured. Data reported as mean ± SE. Results of ANOVA, followed by post hoc t-tests: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with the control group; ^†P < 0.05, ^‡P < 0.01 (HFD versus db/db); ^§P < 0.05, ^§§P < 0.01 (HFD versus ob/ob); ^£P < 0.05, P < 0.01 (db/db versus ob/ob).

Groups	Heart rate	AW (mm)	PW (mm)	LVEDD (mm)	LVESD (mm)	LVM (mg)	EF (%)	FS (%)
Control	456 ± 13	0.73 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.02	4.03 ± 0.08	2.50 ± 0.08	85.25 ± 3.17	61.52 ± 1.38	38.05 ± 1.08
HFD	474 ± 12	0.80 ± 0.01∗∗‡	0.77 ± 0.02‡	4.23 ± 0.08‡	2.80 ± 0.05**	101.89 ± 4.86**	55.95 ± 0.73∗∗†	33.62 ± 0.55∗∗†
db/db	445 ± 4	0.88 ± 0.03**	0.86 ± 0.02**	3.89 ± 0.08£	2.70 ± 0.09	101.74 ± 4.6**	51.76 ± 1.79**	30.66 ± 1.29**
ob/ob	458 ± 9	0.87 ± 0.03∗∗§	0.85 ± 0.02∗∗§§	4.16 ± 0.09	2.93 ± 0.09**	112.19 ± 1.0**	50.53 ± 1.4∗∗§§	29.70 ± 1.00∗∗§§

AW: anterior wall thickness.

PW: posterior wall thickness.

LVEDD: left ventricular end diastolic dimension.

LVESD: left ventricular end systolic dimension.

LVM: left ventricular mass.

%EF: percent ejection fraction.

%FS: percent fractional shortening.