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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 15.
Published in final edited form as: Methods Enzymol. 2010;475:27–59. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(10)75002-3

Figure 2.3. Synthesis and bulk characterization of covalently linked Cy3–Cy5 dimers.

Figure 2.3

(A) Structures of reactive cyanine dyes and covalent heterodimers. (B) Absorption (solid) and fluorescence emission (hollow, λex = 516 nm) spectra of Cy3–Cy5 covalent heterodimers 4 and 5 (in water; 3.7 μM for absorption; 37 nM for fluorescence) before photodarkening. (Adapted and reproduced with permission from Conley et al., 2008. Copyright 2008 American Chemical Society.)