Table 1.
Characteristics of the study cohort (N = 3,373) by categories of history of migraine diagnosis
| Characteristics | No Migraine | Yes Migraine | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 2787 % |
N = 586 % |
||
| Participant age (y) | |||
| < 25 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 0.609 |
| 25–34 | 62.5 | 64.7 | |
| ≥ 35 | 33.6 | 31.7 | |
| Participant race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 86.1 | 88.6 | 0.068 |
| African American | 1.7 | 1.4 | |
| Asian | 7.8 | 4.8 | |
| Other | 4.5 | 5.3 | |
| Multiparous | 35.8 | 39.1 | 0.135 |
| < 12 years education | 3.7 | 4.4 | 0.371 |
| Smoked during pregnancy | 5.9 | 6.2 | 0.829 |
| Alcohol use during pregnancy | 10.2 | 9.2 | 0.475 |
| No exercise during pregnancy | 13.0 | 12.0 | 0.492 |
| No prenatal vitamin | 2.5 | 2.9 | 0.553 |
| Pre-pregnancy body mass index (kg/m2) | |||
| < 18.5 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 0.021 |
| 18.5–24.99 | 72.6 | 70.7 | |
| 25–29.99 | 16.0 | 14.5 | |
| ≥ 30 | 7.0 | 10.8 | |
| Early Pregnancy weight gain (kg)1 | 6.9±3.7 | 6.8±4.4 | 0.443 |
| Gestational age at delivery | |||
| < 28 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.364 |
| 28–36 | 9.7 | 8.2 | |
| 37–40 | 75.9 | 78.7 | |
| > 40 | 13.9 | 13.0 | |
| Gestational hypertension | 5.3 | 8.2% | 0.006 |
| Preeclampsia | 2.3 | 2.7 | 0.145 |
1
Early pregnancy weight gain is weight gained during first 20 weeks of gestation