Table 3.
Injury States as used in UK DfT Injury Costing (Hopkin and Simpson, 1995).
| Injury Code | Injury State Description | Summary Description | % of casualties |
|---|---|---|---|
| F | No overnight stay in hospital (seen as an out-patient); experience slight to moderate pain for 2–7 days followed by some pain/discomfort for several weeks; some restrictions to work/leisure activities for several weeks/months, return to normal health with no permanent disability. | Recover 3–4 months (Out-patient) | 19 |
| W | In hospital 2–7 days in slight to moderate pain; after hospital, some pain/discomfort for several weeks; some restrictions to work and/or leisure activities for several weeks/months; after 3–4 months, return to normal health with no permanent disability. | Recover 3–4 months (In patient) | 13 |
| X | In hospital 1–4 weeks in slight to moderate pain; after hospital, some pain/discomfort, gradually reducing; some restrictions to work and leisure activities, steadily improving, after 1–3 years, return to normal health with no permanent disability. | Recover 1–3 years | 36 |
| V | No overnight stay in hospital (seen as out-patient) moderate to severe pain for 1–4 weeks; thereafter, some pain gradually reducing but may recur when you take part in some activities; some permanent restrictions to leisure and possible some work activities. | Mild permanent disability (Out patient) | 5 |
| S | In hospital 1–4 weeks in moderate to severe pain gradually reducing, but may recur when taking part in some activities; some permanent restrictions to leisure and possibly some work activities. | Mild permanent disability (In patient) | 12 |
| R | In hospital several weeks, possibly several months in moderate to severe pain; after hospital, continuing permanent pain, possibly requiring frequent medication; substantial and permanent restrictions to work and leisure activities; possibly some permanent scaring, | Some permanent disability with scarring. | 13 |
| N | In hospital several weeks, possibly several months; loss of use of legs and possibly other limbs due to paralysis and/or amputation; after hospital, permanently confined to a wheelchair and dependant on others for many physical needs, including dressing and toileting. | Paraplegia/quadriplegia | 2 |
| L | In hospital several weeks, possibly several months due to head injuries resulting in severe brain damage; after hospital, mental and physical abilities greatly reduced permanently; dependant on others for many physical needs, including feeding and toileting. | Severe head injuries | 2 |