Table 1. Mean institutional price per page and per citation for journals in six scientific fields.

	Cost per page (U.S. $)		Cost per citation (U.S. $)
Field	For profit	Nonprofit	For profit	Nonprofit	Year
Ecology	1.01	0.19	0.73	0.05	2000
Economics	0.83	0.17	2.33	0.15	2000
Atmosph. Sci.	0.95	0.15	0.88	0.07	1999
Mathematics	0.70	0.27	1.32	0.28	2000
Neuroscience	0.89	0.10	0.23	0.04	1997
Physics	0.63	0.19	0.38	0.05	1997

Data for atmospheric sciences (Atmosph. Sci.) are from a September 2000 University of Washington Libraries report prepared by Patty Carey, which can be accessed at www.lib.washington.edu/subject/atmosphericsci/scholcom. Data for mathematics are from the American Mathematical Society's Journal Price Survey, which can be accessed at www.ams.org/membership/journalsurvey.html. Data for neurosciences and for physics are from a 1998 University of Wisconsin Libraries report by George Soete and Athena Salaba, which can be accessed at www.library.wisc.edu/projects/glsdo/cost.html. Data for economics and ecology were collected by the authors and are available by request. Citation rates are from the Institute for Scientific Information's Journal Citation Reports, which can be accessed at www.isinet.com.