Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Prevention of pressure ulcers
Systematic review	217 people 3 RCTs in this analysis	Incidence of pressure ulcers with manual repositioning with control Absolute results not reported	Reported as not significant P value not reported The review reported that the RCTs were all too small and weak to detect clinically important differences between treatments		Not significant
RCT 5-armed trial	838 people with Braden scores <17 In review	Development of pressure ulcers 4 weeks 14% with turning every 2 hours on a standard mattress 24% with turning every 3 hours on a standard mattress 3% with turning every 4 hours on a viscoelastic foam mattress 16% with turning every 6 hours on a viscoelastic foam mattress 20% with standard care	4-hour turning v standard care: OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.48 4-hour turning v other regimens: reported as significant; P value not reported Other turning regimens v standard care: P >0.05	Large effect size	turning every 4 hours on a viscoelastic foam mattress