Table 1.

Elements of the InFoQI program (intervention arm)

Element	Description
Feedback	• monthly report for monitoring ICU's performance over time
reports	• comprehensive quarterly report for benchmarking ICU's performance to other
	groups of ICUs
	• sent to and discussed by QI team members
Local QI team	• multidisciplinary • responsible for formulating and executing a QI action plan • monthly monitoring and discussing of performance using feedback reports • sharing main findings with rest of ICU staff
Educational outreach visits	• on-site (1) at start of study period and (2) after six months • all QI team members are present; visits guided by principal investigators • promoting use of Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle for systematic quality improvement • formulating and evaluating QI action plan based on performance data