Table 2.
Comparison of high risk variables between chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients
| Variables | CHC N = 50 N(%) |
HCC N = 50 N(%) |
Odds ratio | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| >57years | 20(40) | 30(60) | 0.44 (0.20-0.99) | 0.04 |
| Male gender | 30(60) | 31(62) | 1.09(0.49-2.43) | 0.84 |
| Obese (BMI >25) | 22(44) | 20(40) | 1.18(0.53-2.61) | 0.68 |
| LFT | ||||
| ALT (>37 IU/L) | 46(92) | 47(94) | 0.73(0.16-3.46) | >0.99 |
| AST (>40 IU/L) | 37(74) | 50(100) | 1.35(1.15-1.59) | <0.001 |
| T. Bil (> 1 mg/dL) | 24(48) | 50(100) | 2.08(1.56-2.78) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (>5.3 g/dL) | 0 | 0 | ||
| INR (> 1) | 32(64) | 50(100) | 1.56(1.27-1.92) | <0.001 |
| GGT (>50 IU/L) | 30(60) | 50(100) | 1.67 (1.33-2.09) | <0.001 |
| Biochemical tests | ||||
| Fasting Glucose | ||||
| (>110 mg/dL) | 48(96) | 42(84) | 4.57(0.92-22.73) | 0.09 |
| Fasting Insulin (>6.IU/mL) | 37(74) | 42(84) | 0.54 (0.20-1.45) | 0.22 |
| HbA1c (>7%) | 24(48) | 35(70) | 0.40(0.17-0.90) | 0.02 |
| HOMA-IR (>4) | 20(40) | 26 (52) | 1.63 (0.74-3.59) | 0.23 |
| Plt (>400 × 109/L) | 0 | 0 | - | |
| Cholesterol (>200 mg/dL) | 17(34) | 20(40) | 1.29 (0.57-2.92) | 0.63 |
| TG (> 150 mg/dL) | 48(96) | 47(94) | 1.53(0.24-9.59) | >0.99 |
| Tumor marker | ||||
| Serum AFP (>10 ng/mL) | 30(12-57) | 255(220-310) | 26.00(6.68-101.20) | <0.001 |
| HCV RNA (viral load) N(%) | ||||
| Moderate (100-1000 × 103) n = 56 | 21(42) | 35(70) | - | <0.001 |
| Stage of Fibrosis | ||||
| III-V (n = 83) | 34(68) | 49(98) | 23.06 (2.92-82.21) | <0.001 |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; INR, International normalization ratio (for blood clotting); GGT, gammaglutamyl transferase; Glu, glucose; Ins, insulin; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, Homeostasis Model for assessment of insulin resistance; Plt, platelet count; TG, triglycerides; AFP, alpha fetoprotein;
†AFP is considered elevated if greater than 400 ug/mL according to international guidelines