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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2011 Oct 25;82(6):1970–1984. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01643.x

Table 5.

Standardized Indirect Effects

EF IQ
Positive parenting → Cortisol .13 ns
African American → Cortisol −.19 ns
African American → Negative Parenting −.10 −.10
African American → Household Risk ns −.04
African American → Positive Parenting −.05 −.07
African American → Positive Parenting → Cortisol −.04 ns
Income-to-Need → Negative Parenting .04 .04
Income-to-Need → Household Risk ns .10
Income-to-Need → Positive Parenting ns .03
Income-to-Need → Positive Parenting → Cortisol ns ns
Maternal Education → Negative Parenting .07 .07
Maternal Education → Household Risk ns .08
Maternal Education → Positive Parenting .07 .06
Maternal Education → Positive Parenting → Cortisol .05 ns
Household Risk → Positive Parenting ns −.04
Household Risk → Positive parenting → Cortisol ns ns

all coefficients significant at p < .05 level or greater