Figure 3.
The metabolic fate of Lip-C6 is altered by Lip-PDMP alone or in combination with gemcitabine. PANC-1 cells were treated for 24 h with 12.5 µM Lip-C6, 24 µM Lip-PDMP, 40 µM gemcitabine (Gem) or various combinations. Cells were harvested and lipids were extracted and analyzed using LC-MS/MS/MS. Abundance relative to total cellular protein was determined for: (A) C6-ceramide, (B) C6-cerebroside, (C) C6-sphingosmyelin, (D) total natural (endogenous) ceramide, (E) sphingosine and (F) sphingosine-1-phosphate. One-way ANOVA: *p < 0.05 compared with control and Lip-Ghost, #p < 0.05 compared with Lip-Ghost only, $p < 0.05 compared with Lip-C6 (Lip-C6-containing combinations only), %p < 0.05 comparing triple combination with Lip-C6 + Gem only, &p < 0.05 comparing triple combination with Lip-C6 + Lip-PDMP only, @p <0.05 comparing triple combination with Lip-C6 + Gem and Lip-C6 + Lip-PDMP, n = 4.