Table 5.

Association between TCAM use, socio-demographic variables, CD4 cell count and antiretroviral adherence (>95%) at time 3 (12 months follow-up) and time 4 (20 months follow-up)

	Adherence at time 3		Adherence at time 4
	VAS Cr OR	VAS AORa	VAS Cr OR	VAS AORb
Men Women	1.00 0.94 (0.51–1.70)	---	1.00 0.67 (0.33–1.36)	---
Age	1.02 (0.99–1.05)	---	0.99 (0.96–1.02)	---
Married/cohabitating Never married	1.00 0.98 (0.53–1.80)	---	1.00 1.08 (0.54–2.13 )	---
Education Grade 7 or less Grade 8–11 Grade 12 or more	1.00 1.13 (0.62–2.07) 0.96 (0.45–2.06)	---	1.00 1.51 (0.74–3.10) 1.15 (0.46–2.84)	--- ---
Religion African or none Main stream Christian Charismatic	1.00 0.38 (0.18–0.79)** 0.49 (0.25–0.95)*	1.00 2.32 (1.01–5.33)* 1.99 (0.96–4.85)	1.00 2.24 (1.00–5.04)* 1.34 (0.63–2.87)	1.00 2.32 (0.96–5.63) 1.58 (0.69–3.60)
Residence Rural Urban	1.00 4.90 (2.18–11.02)***	1.00 3.71 (1.56–8.83)**	1.00 1.50 (1.75–3.02)	---
Employment status Housewife/houseman Unemployed Employed	1.00 0.12 (0.03–0.52)** 0.20 (0.04–0.92)*	1.00 5.88 (1.35–25.69)* 6.52 (1.23–34.40)*	1.00 11.26 (1.27–14.07)* 1.51 (0.35–6.48)	1.97 (0.56–6.98) 1.95 (0.38–9.93)
Income Formal salary Family contributions Social grants No income	1.00 0.89 (0.35–2.29) 0.45 (0.23–0.89)* 0.23 (0.09–0.58)**	1.00 1.21 (0.39–3.74) 1.58 (0.65–3.89) 2.48 (0.74–8.26)	1.00 3.38 (1.16–9.80)* 3.52 (1.37–9.03)** 8.57 (2.77–26.56)***	2.86 (0.83–9.92) 3.07 (0.98–9.54) 4.78 (1.17–19.54)*
Herbal treatment	0.08 (0.04–0.15)***	0.18 (0.07–0.50)***	0.04 (0.00–0.50)*	0.11 (0.01–1.55)
Faith healing	5.37 (1.65–17.48)**	2.88 (0.84–9.81)	12.78 (1.74–93.86)*	6.78 (0.98–51.89)
CD4 100 ref 101–350 >350	1.00 1.86 (1.02–3.41)* 5.97 (1.70–20.93)**	1.00 1.48 (0.73–2.98) 3.31 (0.88–12.43)	1.00 2.29 (0.66–7.90) 6.72 (1.94–23.31)**	1.00 2.19 (0.55–8.82) 4.74 (1.18–18.95)*

Significant at *P <.05, **P<.01, ***P<.001

^aHosmer and Lemeshow Chi-square 10.97, p.20; Cox & Snell R² .13; Nagelkerke R² .27

^bHosmer and Lemeshow Chi-square 5.39, p.72; Cox & Snell R² .08; Nagelkerke R² .19