Table 3.
Univariate analysis of factors associated with condom use
| Variables | Frequency of condom use | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consistent (n = 218) | Nonconsistent (n = 127) | ||||
| % | UPOR (95% CI) | % | UPOR (95% CI) | ||
| Age (years) | |||||
| <30 years | 31.2 | 1.00 (referent) | 15.0 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| ≥30 years | 68.8 | 1.34 (1.16–1.57) | 85.0 | 0.52 (0.34–0.80) | 0.000*** |
| Education level | |||||
| Less than high school | 11.0 | 1.00 (referent) | 16.7 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High school and above | 89.0 | 0.82 (0.62–1.09) | 83.3 | 1.33 (0.94–1.88) | 0.134 |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 86.2 | 1.00 (referent) | 37.9 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Married | 13.8 | 2.85 (2.09–3.89) | 62.1 | 0.28 (0.21–0.37)*** | 0.000*** |
| Number of children | |||||
| No child | 77.5 | 1.00 (referent) | 36.2 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| One or more child(ren) | 22.5 | 2.09 (1.65–2.63) | 63.8 | 0.34 (0.26–0.46) | 0.000*** |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| Yoruba | 33.9 | 1.00 (referent) | 29.9 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Other | 66.1 | 1.07 (0.91–1.26) | 70.1 | 0.89 (0.65–1.21) | 0.441 |
| Religion | |||||
| Christian | 79.3 | 1.00 (referent) | 76.8 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Muslim | 20.7 | 1.06 (0.86–1.29) | 23.2 | 0.91 (0.66–1.27) | 0.594 |
| Employment status | |||||
| Trainee | 2.8 | 1.00 (referent) | 7.1 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Active service | 97.2 | 1.60 (0.86–2.99) | 92.9 | 0.60 (0.39–0.93) | 0.000*** |
| Annual income | |||||
| Low | 68.8 | 1.00 (referent) | 73.0 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High | 31.2 | 0.93 (0.79–1.10) | 27.0 | 1.14 (0.83–1.57) | 0.410 |
| Number of partners | |||||
| Single partner | 49.1 | 1.00 (referent) | 76.4 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Multiple partners | 50.9 | 0.66 (0.57–0.78) | 23.6 | 2.24 (1.58–3.17) | 0.060 |
| Type of relationship | |||||
| Noncasual | 42.6 | 1.00 (referent) | 78.4 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Casual | 57.4 | 1.70 (1.44–2.00) | 21.6 | 0.35 (0.24–0.50) | 0.000*** |
| Personally known someone with HIV | |||||
| No | 73.9 | 1.00 (referent) | 74.8 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Yes | 26.1 | 1.02 (0.85–1.22) | 25.2 | 0.97 (0.70–1.33) | 0.846 |
| HIV/AIDS-related knowledge | |||||
| Low | 17.9 | 1.00 (referent) | 17.3 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High | 82.1 | 1.01 (0.82–1.25) | 82.7 | 0.98 (0.68–1.41) | 0.894 |
| Condom attitudes and barriers | |||||
| Negative | 51.4 | 1.00 (referent) | 37.8 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Positive | 48.6 | 1.22 (1.04–1.43) | 62.2 | 0.70 (0.53–0.94) | 0.015* |
| HIV risk behaviors | |||||
| Low | 53.7 | 1.00 (referent) | 67.7 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High | 46.3 | 0.81 (0.69–0.95) | 32.3 | 1.47 (1.08–1.99) | 0.011** |
| Condom use self-efficacy | |||||
| Low | 52.8 | 1.00 (referent) | 59.1 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High | 47.2 | 0.91 (0.78–1.07) | 40.9 | 1.18 (0.89–1.56) | 0.256 |
| Social support to condom use | |||||
| Low | 31.7 | 1.00 (referent) | 44.9 | 1.00 (referent) | |
| High | 68.3 | 0.81 (0.67–0.97) | 55.1 | 1.42 (1.08–1.86) | 0.014** |
Notes: Significance levels:
*
P < 0.05;
***
P < 0.001.
Abbreviations: referent, reference category; UPOR, unadjusted prevalence odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.