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. 2010 Dec 2;3:143–170. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S9425

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Scheme showing possible interaction between PUFAs (AA, EPA, and DHA), their products such as PGs, LTs, TXs, LXs, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, and TH1 and TH2 and their respective cytokines. PUFAs have direct actions on TH1 and TH2 responses and cytokines by themselves without being converted to their products. Ghrelin, isoprostanes (formed due to the action of free radicals on PUFAs), insulin, and pyruvate also exhibit anti-inflammatory actions. For further details see text.