Table 4.
Effects of different factors on outcome for sepsis subgroup (n = 327) by using univariate logistic regression analyses
| Univariate logistic analysis | Multivariate logistic analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P |
| Gender ♀ vs. ♂ | 1.889 (1.062-3.359) | 0.030 | 1.909 (1.002-3.638) | 0.049 |
| Age | 1.036 (1.014-1.059) | 0.001 | 1.037 (1.013-1.063) | 0.003 |
| Alcohol abuse | 0.972 (0.408-2.317) | 0.948 | ||
| Nicotine abuse | 0.428 (0.126-1.453) | 0.174 | ||
| Drug abuse | 0.719 (0.158-3.277) | 0.670 | ||
| Immune suppression | 0.740 (0.247-2.214) | 0.590 | ||
| TISS-28 first | 1.063 (1.033-1.093) | < 0.001 | 1.062 (1.028-1.098) | < 0.001 |
| Infection type | ||||
| Pneumonia | 1.960 (1.048-3.664) | 0.035 | 1.120 (0.539-2.324) | 0.762 |
| Urinary tract infection | 0.790 (0.316-1.977) | 0.614 | ||
| Abdomen | 1.047 (0.477-2.298) | 0.908 | ||
| Bones and joints | 0.782 (0.170-3.593) | 0.752 | ||
| Endocarditis | 0.665 (0.147-3.010) | 0.596 | ||
| Meningitis | 0.786 (0.093-6.655) | 0.825 | ||
| Wounds/Soft issue | 0.787 (0.408-1.519) | 0.476 | ||
| BSI | 1.589 (0.162-15.560) | 0.691 | ||
| Colitis, pseudomembranous | 1.589 (0.162-15.560) | 0.691 | ||
| Infection of unknown origin | 0.667 (0.249-1.788) | 0.421 | ||
| Severe sepsisa | 1.845 (1.037-3.280) | 0.037 | ||
| Septic shock | 2.418 (1.354-4.319) | 0.003 | 1.649 (0.854-3.184) | 0.136 |
| ICU diagnoses | ||||
| Infection | 1.492 (0.468-4.755) | 0.499 | ||
| Neoplastic | 0.939 (0.414-2.130) | 0.880 | ||
| Neurologic | 0.319 (0.095-1.071) | 0.065 | ||
| Cardiovascular | 1.146 (0.624-2.107) | 0.660 | ||
| Respiratory | 2.523 (1.117-5.699) | 0.026 | 1.374 (0.521-3.620) | 0.520 |
| Gastrointestinal | 1.263 (0.490-3.259) | 0.629 | ||
| Trauma | 0.428 (0.126-1.453) | 0.174 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 0.943 (0.310-2.873) | 0.918 | ||
| Postoperative admission | 1.165 (0.581-2.336) | 0.667 | ||
| Type of surgery | ||||
| Head | 1.079 (0.450-2.589) | 0.864 | ||
| Musculoskeletal | 0.573 (0.232-1.414) | 0.227 | ||
| Cardiac | 1.335 (0.691-2.577) | 0.390 | ||
| Abdomen/Urogenital | 0.954 (0.474-1.919) | 0.894 | ||
| Thorax | 1.055 (0.222-5.016) | 0.947 | ||
| Soft tissues and peripheral vascular | 3.694 (0.804-16.981) | 0.093 | ||
| Fungi detected | 2.297 (1.282-4.118) | 0.005 | 1.523 (0.782-2.968) | 0.216 |
| Gram-negative bacteria detected | 1.341 (0.756-2.379) | 0.315 | ||
| Difficult-to-treat pathogens detectedb | 1.300 (0.652-2.594) | 0.457 | ||
| SOP adherence ≤65% | 1.139 (0.632-2.052) | 0.664 | ||
Parameters found to be relevant on a P < 0.05 level for ICU mortality entered multivariate logistic regression analysis. Quality of regression model tested with Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicating good calibration (χ2 = 7.014; P = 0.535). BSI, blood stream infection; SOP, standard operating procedure.
aSeptic shock entered multivariate analysis due to correlation; bDifficult-to-treat pathogens include bacteria associated with potential intrinsic or acquired resistance (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, germs producing extended spectrum betalactamases, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, Nonfermenters like Pseudomonas spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumanii, Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecium, and Bacillus cereus).