Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of students and results of tests
| TBL (n = 49) | PL (n = 49) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SEM) | 21.4 (0.1) | 21.4 (0.1) | 1.0 |
| Male, n (%) | 27 (55.1) | 27 (55.1) | 1.0 |
| Examination grades, n (%) | |||
| A | 8 (16.3) | 8 (16.3) | |
| B | 29 (59.2) | 29 (59.2) | |
| C | 11 (22.4) | 11 (22.4) | 1.0 |
| D | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.0) | |
| F | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Unadjusted test scores, mean (SEM) | |||
| Pre-test | 14.90 (0.30) | 14.20 (0.34) | 0.13 |
| Post-test 1 | 16.65 (0.33) | 15.06 (0.34) | 0.01 |
| Post-test 2 | 17.18 (0.32) | 14.88 (0.29) | < 0.001 |
| Unadjusted mean % change in score from baseline pre-test (SEM) | |||
| Post-test 1 | 8.8 (1.5) | 4.3 (1.3) | 0.023 |
| Post-test 2 | 11.4 (1.6) | 3.4 (1.7) | 0.001 |
| Students scoring ≥ 90%, n (%) | |||
| Pre-test | 5 (10.2) | 6 (12.2) | 1.0 |
| Post-test 1 | 20 (40.8) | 8 (16.3) | 0.013a |
| Post-test 2 | 26 (53.1) | 5 (10.2) | < 0.001b |
TBL = team based learning
PL = passive learning
SEM = standard error of the mean
a p = 0.009 after adjustment for gender and examination grades
b p < 0.001 after adjustment for gender and examination grades