Table 2.
Operative and anesthetic characteristics by status of postoperative urinary retention
| Urinary retention (n = 446) | No urinary retention (n = 585) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Procedure, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Total knee arthroplasty | 157 (35.2) | 269 (46.0) | |
| Total hip arthroplasty | 289 (64.8) | 316 (54.0) | |
| Oral opioid postoperatively, n (%) | 87 (19.5) | 104 (17.8) | 0.40 |
| Type of anesthesia, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| General anesthesia | 23 (5.2) | 82 (14.2) | |
| General and spinal anesthesia | 41 (9.2) | 40 (6.8) | |
| Spinal anesthesia | 382 (85.7) | 462 (79.0) | |
| Missing | 0 | 1 (0.2) | |
| Intrathecal local anesthesia* dose, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| General anesthesia only | 23 (5.2) | 82 (14.2) | |
| ≤10 mg | 94 (21.1) | 161 (27.5) | |
| 10.1–12.5 mg | 190 (42.6) | 224 (38.3) | |
| >12.5 mg | 128 (28.7) | 105 (18.0) | |
| Missing | 11 (2.5) | 13 (2.2) | |
| Intrathecal morphine dose, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| General anesthesia only | 23 (5.2) | 82 (14.0) | |
| Spinal anesthesia without morphine | 42 (9.4) | 109 (18.6) | |
| ≤100 μg | 253 (56.7) | 287 (49.1) | |
| 101–150 μg | 89 (20.0) | 65 (11.1) | |
| >150 μg | 37 (8.3) | 34 (5.8) | |
| Missing | 2 (0.5) | 8 (1.4) | |
| Median minutes in operating room [IQR] | 101 [90–115] | 100 [90–113] | 0.26 |
| Median minutes in recovery room [IQR] | 130 [98–165] | 125 [95–165] | 0.48 |
| Median days of hospital stay [IQR] | 3 [3–4] | 3 [3–4] | 0.62 |
* Bupivacaine or ropivacaine; IQR = interquartile range