Table 3.
Logistic regression analyses for 1-month outcomes for bystander-witnessed OHCAs and those with initial cardiac VF
| 1-month survival | Good performance at 1 month | Vegetative status or de facto brain death at 1 month | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| All bystander-witnessed OHCAs | |||||||||
| Age (10-year increase) | 0.87 | 0.86 to 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.78 | 0.76 to 0.79 | < 0.001 | 0.96 | 0.95 to 0.98 | < 0.001 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| Female | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.10 | 0.109 | 0.93 | 0.84 to 1.01 | 0.094 | 1.12 | 1.04 to 1.21 | 0.004 |
| Call to EMS response (minutes) | 0.90 | 0.89 to 0.91 | < 0.001 | 0.87 | 0.86 to 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.93 | 0.92 to 0.94 | < 0.001 |
| Causes of arrest | |||||||||
| Noncardiac origin | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| Cardiac origin with initial non-VF | 0.65 | 0.62 to 0.69 | < 0.001 | 1.12 | 1.00 to 1.25 | 0.050 | 0.54 | 0.49 to 0.59 | < 0.001 |
| Cardiac origin with initial VF | 3.57 | 3.37 to 3.79 | < 0.001 | 6.41 | 5.82 to 7.07 | < 0.001 | 1.66 | 1.51 to 1.82 | < 0.001 |
| Combination of BCPR and ACLS | |||||||||
| ACLS by ELSTs without BCPR | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| ACLS by ELSTs with BCPR | 1.51 | 1.43 to 1.59 | < 0.001 | 2.23 | 2.05 to 2.42 | < 0.001 | 1.09 | 1.02 to 1.18 | 0.018 |
| ACLS by physicians without BCPR | 1.63 | 1.39 to 1.92 | < 0.001 | 1.18 | 0.86 to 1.61 | 0.317 | 1.87 | 1.52 to 2.32 | < 0.001 |
| ACLS by physicians with BCPR | 2.17 | 1.89 to 2.49 | < 0.001 | 2.80 | 2.28 to 3.43 | < 0.001 | 1.45 | 1.17 to 1.80 | 0.001 |
| Bystander-witnessed OHCAs with initial VF of cardiac origin | |||||||||
| Age (10-year increase) | 0.85 | 0.83 to 0.86 | < 0.001 | 0.79 | 0.77 to 0.81 | < 0.001 | 0.99 | 0.95 to 1.03 | 0.669 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| Female | 1.17 | 1.07 to 1.27 | < 0.001 | 1.09 | 0.97 to 1.22 | 0.137 | 1.14 | 0.99 to 1.32 | 0.076 |
| Call to EMS response (minutes) | 0.90 | 0.89 to 0.91 | < 0.001 | 0.90 | 0.88 to 0.92 | < 0.001 | 0.93 | 0.91 to 0.95 | < 0.001 |
| Combination of BCPR and ACLS | |||||||||
| ACLS by ELSTs without BCPR | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||
| ACLS by ELSTs with BCPR | 1.18 | 1.09 to 1.26 | < 0.001 | 1.30 | 1.18 to 1.43 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.88 to 1.14 | 0.993 |
| ACLS by physicians without BCPR | 1.87 | 1.49 to 2.34 | < 0.001 | 1.60 | 1.20 to 2.14 | 0.002 | 1.56 | 1.09 to 2.24 | 0.016 |
| ACLS by physicians with BCPR | 2.10 | 1.72 to 2.56 | < 0.001 | 2.06 | 1.62 to 2.63 | < 0.001 | 1.28 | 0.90 to 1.83 | 0.167 |
Logistic regression analyses for 1-month outcomes for all the bystander-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) (n = 95,072) and those with initial ventricular fibrillation (VF) of cardiac origin (n = 11,970). ACLS, advanced cardiac life support; BCPR, bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CI, confidence interval; ELST, emergency life-saving technician; EMS, emergency medical service; OR, odds ratio; Ref., reference.