Table 4.
Baseline characteristics and 1-month outcomes of patients whose arrests witnessed by EMS providers
| All (n = 23,127) | ACLS by ELSTs (n = 22,131) | ACLS by physicians (n = 996) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Sex (males) | 14,434 | 62.4 | 13,797 | 62.3 | 637 | 64.0 |
| Age (years) | 69.6 ± 18.0 | 69.8 ± 17.9 | 65.2 ± 20.0 | |||
| Causes of arrest | ||||||
| Cardiac origin | 12,024 | 52.0 | 11,503 | 52.0 | 521 | 52.3 |
| Noncardiac origin | 11,103 | 48.0 | 10,628 | 48.0 | 475 | 47.7 |
| Initial rhythm | ||||||
| Ventricular fibrillation | 1,918 | 8.3 | 1,818 | 8.2 | 100 | 10.0 |
| Pulseless electrical activity | 8,424 | 36.4 | 8,092 | 36.6 | 332 | 33.3 |
| Asystole | 4,471 | 19.3 | 4,325 | 19.5 | 146 | 14.7 |
| Others | 8,314 | 35.9 | 7,896 | 35.7 | 418 | 42.0 |
| Call to EMS response (minutes) | 6.9 ± 4.3 | 6.9 ± 4.2 | 6.9 ± 5.3 | |||
| Outcomes | ||||||
| 1-month survival | 2,642 | 11.4 | 2,493 | 11.3 | 149 | 15.0 |
| CPC at 1 month | ||||||
| Good performance | 1,325 | 5.7 | 1,235 | 5.6 | 90 | 9.0 |
| Moderate disability | 234 | 1.0 | 223 | 1.0 | 11 | 1.1 |
| Severe cerebral disability | 312 | 1.3 | 295 | 1.3 | 17 | 1.7 |
| Vegetative status or worse | 765 | 3.3 | 734 | 3.3 | 31 | 3.1 |
Data presented as n or mean ± standard deviation. ACLS, advanced cardiac life support; CPC, cerebral performance category; ELST, emergency life-saving technician; EMS, emergency medical service.