Table 1.
Comparison of patients with metformin-associated lactic acidosis with patients with lactic acidosis of other origin
| All patients (n = 197) | MALA (n = 10) | LAOO (n = 187) | Post-cardiac arrest (n = 72) | Septic shock (n = 42) | Cardiogenic shock (n = 39) | Mesenteric ischemia (n = 8) | Hemorrhagic shock (n = 13) | Other causes (n = 13) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 67 ± 13 | 66 ± 9 | 67 ± 13 | 65 ± 13 | 68 ± 12 | 73 ± 11 | 72 ± 9 | 64 ± 15 | 56 ± 14 |
| Male gender | 121 (61%) | 4 (40%) | 117 (63%) | 45 (62%) | 24 (57%) | 26 (67%) | 6 (75%) | 7 (54%) | 9 (69%) |
| SAPS II | 74 ± 20 | 88 ± 23 | 73 ± 19a | 81 ± 16 | 71 ± 19a | 75 ± 18 | 73 ± 25 | 54 ± 15b | 54 ± 14b |
| SOFA score | 12.5 ± 3.6 | 14.3 ± 1.4 | 12.4 ± 3.7 | 12.9 ± 2.9 | 12.1 ± 4.5 | 11.8 ± 2.8b | 14.4 ± 4.4 | 13.4 ± 4.6 | 9.6 ± 4.2b |
| Respiratory | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 1.4 |
| Renal | 2.4 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 2.3 ± 1.2b | 2.1 ± 1.2b | 2.5 ± 1.2b | 2.5 ± 1.1b | 2.8 ± 0.8a | 2.1 ± 1.5b | 1.9 ± 1.3b |
| Hepatic | 0.7 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 1.2a | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 1.7 | 0.9 ± 0.9 |
| Cardiovascular | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 3.3 ± 1.5 | 3.5 ± 1.3 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 4.0 ± 0.0 | 2.9 ± 1.8 | 2.1 ± 2.0a |
| Hematologic | 0.9 ± 1.2 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | 0.9 ± 1.2 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.1 | 0.9 ± 1.2 |
| Neurologic | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 3.7 ± 0.6a | 1.7 ± 1.3a | 2.8 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 1.8 ± 1.4b | 1.6 ± 1.2 |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 11.6 ± 6.2 | 18.7 ± 5.3 | 11.2 ± 6.1b | 12.8 ± 6.1b | 8.7 ± 4.5b | 10.9 ± 5.2b | 8.6 ± 3.3b | 13.5 ± 9.5b | 10.8 ± 7.1b |
| pH | 7.13 ± 0.19 | 6.75 ± 0.13 | 7.15 ± 0.17b | 7.07 ± 0.19b | 7.23 ± 0.09b | 7.18 ± 0.14b | 7.27 ± 0.04b | 7.26 ± 0.07b | 7.14 ± 0.18b |
| Bicarbonate, mmol/L | 14.6 ± 5.9 | 4.4 ± 2.4 | 15.2 ± 5.6b | 14.5 ± 5.6b | 16.6 ± 5.8b | 14.9 ± 4.0b | 16.2 ± 1.8b | 15.8 ± 5.7b | 14.1 ± 8.8b |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 307 ± 265 | 796 ± 324 | 227 ± 141b | 169 ± 128b | 318 ± 181b | 182 ± 48b | 299 ± 125a | 303 ± 122a | 214 ± 57b |
| Survival | 52 (26%) | 5 (50%) | 48 (26%) | 19 (26%) | 9 (21%) | 9 (23%) | 0 | 5 (38%) | 6 (46%) |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as number (percentage). Comparison with metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA): aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01. Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were measured on admission. Other causes of lactic acidosis were respiratory exhaustion (3), alcoholic lactic acidosis (3), acute liver failure (2), status epilepticus (2), anaphylactic shock, hypovolemic shock, and disseminated intravascular coagulation in acute myeloid leukemia. LAOO, lactic acidosis of other origin.