Table 1.
Baseline characteristics divided in patients with and without acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)
| Characteristic | Total (n = 287) | ADHF (n = 154) | No ADHF (n = 133) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 74 ± 12 | 78 ± 9 | 68 ± 13 | < 0.0001 |
| Male sex (% of patients) | 52 | 51 | 53 | 0.906 |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 26.1 ± 6.2 | 26.6 ± 5.9 | 25.5 ± 6.5 | 0.124 |
| Medical conditions (% of patients) | ||||
| Heart failure | 24 | 40 | 7 | < 0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 28 | 38 | 16 | < 0.0001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 34 | 27 | 42 | 0.006 |
| Diabetes | 18 | 24 | 11 | 0.005 |
| Hypertension | 68 | 78 | 56 | < 0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 29 | 33 | 25 | 0.165 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 28 | 44 | 11 | < 0.0001 |
| Initial clinical findings | ||||
| Heart rate (bpm)a | 93 ± 23 | 93 ± 25 | 92 ± 19 | 0.495 |
| Systolic pressure (mm Hg)a | 138 ± 26 | 135 ± 27 | 140 ± 25 | 0.098 |
| NYHA functional class (% of patients) | ||||
| II | 20 | 10 | 32 | < 0.0001 |
| III | 40 | 45 | 35 | 0.109 |
| IV | 40 | 45 | 33 | 0.034 |
| Edema | 42 | 57 | 26 | < 0.0001 |
| Rales | 54 | 64 | 43 | < 0.0001 |
| Medication at admission | ||||
| Beta-blockers | 39 | 57 | 17 | < 0.0001 |
| ACE-Inhibitors/AT-receptor-blockers | 49 | 62 | 34 | < 0.0001 |
| Diuretics | 52 | 64 | 39 | < 0.0001 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| eGFR - ml/min/1.73m2 b | 67 (44 to 89) | 54 (36 to 73) | 80 (63 to 112) | < 0.0001 |
| BNP (pmol/l) b | 349 (89 to 1,121) | 976 (467 to 1,925) | 81 (39 to 181) | < 0.0001 |
| NT-proBNP (pmol/l) b | 1,656 (314 to 6,105) | 5,757 (1,924 to 13,243) | 300 (76 to 974) | < 0.0001 |
| Copeptin (pmol/l) b | 21 (8 to 52) | 34 (13 to 71) | 11 (6 to 31) | < 0.0001 |
a mean ± plusorminus SD, b median (IQR = interquartile range).
BMI, body mass index; eGRF, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NYHA, New York Heart Association; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.