PC/QD interaction identified by affinity chromatography and SPR experiments. A, batch co-purification of PC and QD presented in this panel were performed on affinity columns. hisPC and QD-N0123 were mixed (upper panel) or loaded individually (lower panels) on an SDS-PAGE gel. Fractions L, FT, W1, W8, E1, and E2, respectively contain loaded protein, the flow-through, the washes, and the eluates. The positions of the molecular mass markers are indicated on the left side of each gel (kDa). B, the SPR sensorgram of the positive interaction found between hisPC (bound ligand, underlined) and QD-N0123 (analyte) (see ‘Experimental Procedures‘ for details). C–E, batch co-purification experiments of hisPC and QD-N012 and hisPC and QD-N01 and hisPC and of minor pseudopilin soluble domains UH, VI, WJ, and XK, respectively, on affinity columns.