Table 3.
Association Between Depression and Number of Chronic Conditions and Risk Factorsa Among Nonpregnant US Women Aged 18 to 44 Years (n = 58,603)
| Characteristicb | No. of Chronic Conditions and Risk Factors, AOR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| 1 | 2 | ≥3 | |
| Major depression | 1.7 (1.3-2.2) | 3.7 (2.8-4.8) | 5.7 (4.3-7.7) |
| Minor depression | 1.9 (1.5-2.3) | 3.5 (2.8-4.3) | 4.7 (3.7-6.1) |
| Past diagnosis of depression | 1.5 (1.3-1.7) | 2.2 (1.9-2.5) | 2.8 (2.4-3.4) |
| No depression | 1 [Reference] | ||
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Defined as diabetes or prediabetes, smoking, overweight or obesity, heavy drinking or binge drinking, and physical inactivity.
Current depression defined based on PHQ-8, adapted from PHQ-9 (9-11); major depression defined as reporting ≥7 d of having little interest or pleasure in doing things or feeling down, depressed, or hopeless and reporting ≥7 d to ≥5 questions total. Minor depression defined as reporting ≥7 d of having little interest or pleasure in doing things or feeling down, depressed, or hopeless and reporting ≥7 d to 2-4 questions total; past diagnosis based on self-report. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2006, 2008, and 2010.