Table 2.
Change in Behavioral Characteristics Among Intervention Participants Eligible for 12-Month Follow-Up (Intent-to-Treat Analysis), Study on Use of Patient Navigators to Reduce Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, Denver, Colorado, 2007-2009
| Characteristic | Baseline,a No. (%) (n = 343) | 12-Month Follow-Up,b No. (%) (n = 340) | P Valuec |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consume ≥5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables per day | |||
| Yes | 7 (2.0) | 32 (9.8) | <.001 |
| No | 336 (98.0) | 294 (90.3) | |
| During the past 7 days, number of times drank soda | |||
| None | 167 (48.8) | 206 (63.4) | <.001 |
| ≤Once per day | 135 (39.5) | 96 (29.5) | |
| ≥Twice per day | 40 (11.7) | 23 (7.1) | |
| During the past 7 days, number of times pastry eaten | |||
| None | 84 (24.5) | 147 (45.1) | <.001 |
| ≤Once per day | 237 (69.1) | 166 (50.9) | |
| ≥Twice per day | 22 (6.4) | 13 (4.0) | |
| During the past 7 days, number of times fried foods eaten | |||
| None | 83 (24.3) | 133 (40.1) | <.001 |
| ≤Once per day | 232 (67.8) | 183 (56.1) | |
| ≥Twice per day | 27 (7.9) | 10 (3.1) | |
| During the past 7 days, how often did you read labels? | |||
| Never or rarely | 212 (61.8) | 152 (46.8) | <.001 |
| Sometimes or more often | 131 (38.2) | 173 (53.2) | |
| Attended a nutrition class in the last 6 months | |||
| Yes | 13 (3.8) | 49 (15.0) | <.001 |
| No | 330 (96.2) | 277 (85.0) | |
| Stage of change regarding weight | |||
| Precontemplation/preparation | 120 (35.5) | 78 (24.5) | .002 |
| Action/maintenance | 218 (64.5) | 240 (75.5) | |
| Physical activity leveld | |||
| At or above recommended level | 135 (40.5) | 129 (38.2) | .64 |
| Below recommended level | 198 (59.5) | 209 (61.8) | |
| Stage of change regarding exercise | |||
| Precontemplation/preparation | 82 (32.0) | 47 (19.0) | .001 |
| Action/maintenance | 174 (68.0) | 201 (81.0) | |
| Attended an exercise class in the last 6 months | |||
| Yes | 35 (10.2) | 94 (29.1) | <.001 |
| No | 307 (89.8) | 229 (70.9) | |
| Current smoker | |||
| Yes | 117 (34.2) | 97 (30.8) | .32 |
| No | 225 (65.8) | 218 (69.2) | |
| Among smokers, tried to quit in last 12 months | |||
| Yes | 62 (54.9) | 47 (49.5) | .46 |
| No | 51 (45.1) | 48 (50.5) | |
| Over the last 2 weeks, felt depressed for several days or more | |||
| Yes | 188 (55.0) | 109 (33.5) | <.001 |
| No | 154 (45.0) | 216 (66.5) | |
At baseline, intervention group includes all people enrolled in the intervention; intervention participants received services from a patient navigator, including counseling and referral to community-based lifestyle behavior-change services. Baseline comparison group includes people who met eligibility requirements for enrollment but did not receive the intervention.
Includes all intervention participants eligible for the 12-month follow-up interview but excludes 3 who had a coronary heart disease event. If the 12-month questionnaire was missing, we used either the baseline questionnaire or the 6-month questionnaire, whichever provided the value closest to the 12-month value.
P value calculated by using χ2 test; it compares baseline with 12-month follow-up.
Recommended physical activity level defined as 30 minutes of moderate activity or walking 5 or more days per week.