Table 2.
Results of regression analyses predicting mother-rated conduct problems in middle childhood from breastfeeding
| Total sample (n = 870) | Related group (n = 663) | Unrelated group (n = 207) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (95% CI) | β | b (95% CI) | β | b (95% CI) | β | |
| Unadjusted model | ||||||
| Breastfed (Yes or No) | −0.41 (−0.63, −0.20) | −0.13** | −0.45 (−0.69, −0.21) | −0.14** | −0.33 (−0.81, 0.16) | −0.09 |
| R 2 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | |||
| Adjusted model | ||||||
| 1. Breastfed (Yes or No) | −0.28 (−0.49, −0.08) | −0.09** | −0.33 (−0.56, −0.09) | −0.10** | −0.09 (−0.55, 0.38) | −0.02 |
| 2. Maternal smoking in pregnancy | 0.33 (−0.08, 0.73) | 0.05 | 0.48 (0.05, 0.92) | 0.08* | −0.12 (−1.11, 0.86) | −0.02 |
| 3. Maternal antisocial behaviour | 0.13 (0.10, 0.15) | 0.31** | 0.13 (0.10, 0.16) | 0.32** | 0.11 (0.06, 0.17) | 0.28** |
| 4. Maternal education | −0.13 (−0.21, −0.07) | −0.11** | −0.14 (−0.22, −0.06) | −0.12** | −0.09 (−0.23, 0.05) | −0.08 |
| 5. Birth weight | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.01 | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.03 | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | −0.09 |
| 6. Multiple birth | 0.22 (−0.01, 0.44) | 0.07 | 0.07 (−0.22, 0.36) | 0.02 | 0.64 (0.15, 1.13) | 0.19* |
| 7. Special care baby unit | 0.28 (0.05, 0.52) | 0.08* | 0.25 (−0.04, 0.55) | 0.07 | 0.23 (−0.29, 0.76) | 0.07 |
| 8. Child age | −0.09 (−0.16, −0.02) | −0.08* | −0.07 (−0.15, 0.02) | −0.06 | −0.15 (−0.29, −0.01) | −0.13* |
| 9. Child sex (female = 0, male = 1) | 0.21 (0.04, 0.39) | 0.08* | 0.12 (−0.08, 0.32) | 0.04 | 0.46 (0.09, 0.83) | 0.16* |
| R 2 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.20 | |||
* p < 0.05
** p < 0.01