TABLE 2.
Multivariate Associations Between Crash Characteristics and Injury Outcome: National Data, United States, 1998–2008
| Weighted Sample Explanatory Variable (Baseline Value) | VIF | MAIS 3+, AOR (95% CI) | MAIS 2+, AOR (95% CI) | Chest AIS 2+, AOR (95% CI) | Spine AIS 2+, AOR (95% CI) |
| Driver sex (Ref = male) | 1.37 | 1.47 (1.27, 1.70) | 1.71 (1.44, 2.02) | 1.38 (1.01, 1.89) | 1.67 (1.34, 2.09) |
| Driver age (Ref = 16 y) | 1.04 | 1.03 (1.03, 1.04) | 1.02 (1.02, 1.03) | 1.05 (1.04, 1.06) | 1.03 (1.02, 1.05) |
| Driver mass (Ref = 38 kg) | 3.10 | 1.02 (1.01, 1.02) | 1.02 (1.01, 1.02) | 1.03 (1.00, 1.05) | 1.00* (0.97, 1.03) |
| Driver BMI category (Ref = < 18.5 kg/m2) | 2.66 | 0.79 (0.65, 0.95) | 0.80 (0.71, 0.90) | 0.62 (0.45, 0.83) | 0.99* (0.58, 1.67) |
| Total Δv of crash (Ref = 1 km/h) | 1.04 | 1.11 (1.09, 1.12) | 1.09 (1.07, 1.11) | 1.10 (1.09, 1.11) | 1.08 (1.07, 1.09) |
| Vehicle body type (Ref = car) | 1.06 | 0.82 (0.73, 0.92) | 0.88* (0.75, 1.02) | 0.77 (0.66, 0.90) | 1.17* (0.93, 1.49) |
| Number of crash events (Ref = single event) | 1.03 | 1.36 (1.22, 1.52) | 1.19 (1.09, 1.31) | 1.19 (1.02, 1.39) | 1.31 (1.08, 1.59) |
| Crash direction (Ref = head-on) | 1.05 | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.99, 0.99) | 0.99 (0.99, 0.99) |
Notes. AIS = Abbreviated Injury Scale; AOR = adjusted odds ratio; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; MAIS = maximum whole-body Abbreviated Injury Scale score; VIF = variance inflation factor. Sample size was n = 21 771 out of 10 354 990 respondents.
*Point estimates are not significant at P < .05.