Skip to main content
. 2011 Sep 16;219(5):551–564. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01424.x

Table 2.

Definitions of the 3D landmarks digitized for this study

Landmark number Landmark description
Mandibular landmarks
 1 Infradentale
 2 Centroid of masseteric scar on mandible
 3 Centroid of medial pterygoid scar on medial surface of angle of ascending ramus
 4 Coronion
 5 Tip of central incisor
 6 Center of occlusal surface of mandibular M3
 7 Center of occlusal surface of mandibular M3 (contralateral side)
 8 Midpoint of line connecting the medial and lateral poles of the mandibular condyle
Cranial landmarks
 9 Prosthion
 10 Point on alveolar margin of maxillary fourth premolar
 11 Point on alveolar margin of maxillary second molar
 12 Midpoint of cranial masseteric scar
 13 Deepest and most superior point in the pterygoid fossa
 14 Point on the ectocranial surface of the sphenoid at maximum postorbital constriction
 15 Midpoint of the crest of the AE
 16 Point on the posterior edge of the AE along a line perpendicular to the long axis of the AE
 17 Anterior-most point on the articular surface of the cranial component of the TMJ
 18 Most inferior point on the postglenoid process

AE, articular eminence; TMJ, temporomandibular joint.