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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Sep 7;59(10):1855–1863. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03600.x

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Development of functional impairment in individuals with peripheral arterial disease

Proposed framework for the associations of PAD with impaired nerve function, adverse calf muscle characteristics, and functional impairment and decline in PAD. Denervation refers to damage to the distal motor nerve axons supplying muscle resulting in pathologic changes in muscle. Decreased muscle innervation refers to the loss of nerve conduction resulting in reduced muscle function.