Table 1.
Association between AIDS-defining cancers with HIV in children and adults in studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa
| Cancer | Country | Subjects | OR (95%CI) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaposi sarcoma | Uganda | Children | 94.9 (28.5-315) | Newton et al., 2001[47] |
| Malawi | Children | 93.5 (26.9-324) | Newton et al., 1995[67] | |
| Uganda | Adults | 6.4 (4.8-8.4) | Mbulaiteye et al., 2006 ± [46] | |
| Rwanda | Adults | 35 (8.2-207) | Newton et al., 1995[72] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 22 (12.5-39) | Sitas et al., 2000[73] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 47.1 (31.9-69.8) | Stein et al., 2000[74] | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | ||||
| Burkitt lymphoma | Uganda | Children | 7.5 (2.8-20.1) | Newton et al., 2001[47] |
| Uganda | Children | 2.2 (0.9-5.1) | Parkin et al., 2000[51] | |
| Malawi | Children | 12.4 (1.3-116) | Mutalima et al., 2008[68] | |
| Malawi | Children | 2.2 (0.8-6.4) | Mutalima et al., 2010[67] | |
| South Africa | Children | 46.2 (16.4-130) | Stefan et al., 2011[69] | |
| Non-Burkitt NHL | Malawi | Children | 4.4 (1.1-17.9) | Mutalima et al., 2010[67] |
| South Africa | Children | 5.0 (0.9-27.0) | Stefan et al., 2011[69] | |
| Uganda | Adults | 6.2 (1.9-20) | Newton et al., 2001[47] | |
| Uganda | Adults | 6.7 (1.8-17) | Mbulaiteye et al., 2006 ± [46] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 5.0 (2.7-9.5) | Sitas et al., 2000[73] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 5.9 (4.3-8.1) | Stein et al., 2000[74] | |
| Cervical cancer | Uganda | Adults | 1.6 (0.7-3.6) | Newton et al., 2001[47] |
| Uganda | Adults | 2.4 (1.1-4.4) | Mbulaiteye et al., 2006 ± [46] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 1.6 (1.1-2.3) | Sitas et al., 2000[73] | |
| South Africa | Adults | 1.6 (1.3-2.0) | Stein et al., 2008[74] |
± Results based on record-linkage study; estimates represent standardized incidence ratios comparing risk of cancer in persons with HIV to the general population where cancers arose. OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval.