Table 1. Bronchoscopy and sedative outcomes.
| BIS-guided Propofol Sedation (n = 243) | Clinically-judged Midazolam Sedation(n = 249) | p value | |
| Induction | |||
| P/M dose, mg | 54.5 (16.4) | 3.8 (2.5) | |
| A dose, µg | 295.0 (54.8) | 285.2 (56.4) | 0.052 |
| Induction time,* min | 3.4 (1.6) | 5.3 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Total procedures | |||
| P/M dose, mg | 198.6 (102.7) | 6.8 (3.9) | |
| A dose, µg | 325.4 (101.7) | 350.3 (117.1) | 0.012 |
| Mean BIS level | 70.8 (6.1) | ||
| Procedure time,† min | 25.8 (15.2) | 25.5 (16.2) | 0.810 |
| Recovery time, min | |||
| Time to orientation‡ | 11.5 (10.2) | 30.0 (26.8) | <0.001 |
| Time to ambulation¶ | 30.0 (18.1) | 55.7 (40.6) | <0.001 |
| Safety # | |||
| SpO2 <90% | 97 (39.9) | 89 (35.7) | 0.340 |
| MAP <60 mm Hg | 11 (4.5) | 4 (1.6) | 0.060 |
| SBP <90 mm Hg | 18 (7.4) | 11 (4.4) | 0.159 |
Data is presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: P, propofol; M, midazolam; A, alfentanil; SpO2: oxyhemoglobin saturation; MAP: mean arterial blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure.
*From alfentanil administration to BIS level 70 in the study group, or conscious sedation in the control group.
†From insertion of bronchoscope to its removal.
‡Patients could open eyes spontaneously, correctly recall date of birth, and perform finger-nose test.
¶Patients could walk without assistance.
# The number of patients with at least one event of hypoxemia or hypotension during the entire procedure (percent).